feat: improve dashboard UI with P&L chart and decisions log (#159)

- Add /api/pnl/history endpoint to app.py for daily P&L history charting
- Rewrite index.html as full SPA with Chart.js bar chart, summary cards,
  and decisions log table with market filter tabs and 30s auto-refresh
- Add test_pnl_history_all_markets and test_pnl_history_market_filter tests

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

docs/requirements-log.md

@@ -184,3 +184,85 @@
 
 **효과:**
 - 해외 시장 랭킹 스캔이 정상 동작하여 Smart Scanner가 후보 종목 탐지 가능
+
+### Gemini prompt_override 미적용 버그 수정
+
+**배경:**
+- `run_overnight` 실행 시 모든 시장에서 Playbook 생성 실패 (`JSONDecodeError`)
+- defensive playbook으로 폴백되어 모든 종목이 HOLD 처리
+
+**근본 원인:**
+- `pre_market_planner.py`가 `market_data["prompt_override"]`에 Playbook 전용 프롬프트를 넣어 `gemini.decide()` 호출
+- `gemini_client.py`의 `decide()` 메서드가 `prompt_override` 키를 전혀 확인하지 않고 항상 일반 트레이드 결정 프롬프트 생성
+- Gemini가 Playbook JSON 대신 일반 트레이드 결정을 반환하여 파싱 실패
+
+**구현 결과:**
+- `src/brain/gemini_client.py`: `decide()` 메서드에서 `prompt_override` 우선 사용 로직 추가
+- `tests/test_brain.py`: 3개 테스트 추가 (override 전달, optimization 우회, 미지정 시 기존 동작 유지)
+
+**이슈/PR:** #143
+
+### 미국장 거래 미실행 근본 원인 분석 및 수정 (자율 실행 세션)
+
+**배경:**
+- 사용자 요청: "미국장 열면 프로그램 돌려서 거래 한 번도 못 한 거 꼭 원인 찾아서 해결해줘"
+- 프로그램을 미국장 개장(9:30 AM EST) 전부터 실행하여 실시간 로그를 분석
+
+**발견된 근본 원인 #1: Defensive Playbook — BUY 조건 없음**
+
+- Gemini free tier (20 RPD) 소진 → `generate_playbook()` 실패 → `_defensive_playbook()` 폴백
+- Defensive playbook은 `price_change_pct_below: -3.0 → SELL` 조건만 존재, BUY 조건 없음
+- ScenarioEngine이 항상 HOLD 반환 → 거래 0건
+
+**수정 #1 (PR #146, Issue #145):**
+- `src/strategy/pre_market_planner.py`: `_smart_fallback_playbook()` 메서드 추가
+  - 스캐너 signal 기반 BUY 조건 생성: `momentum → volume_ratio_above`, `oversold → rsi_below`
+  - 기존 defensive stop-loss SELL 조건 유지
+- Gemini 실패 시 defensive → smart fallback으로 전환
+- 테스트 10개 추가
+
+**발견된 근본 원인 #2: 가격 API 거래소 코드 불일치 + VTS 잔고 API 오류**
+
+실제 로그:
+```
+Scenario matched for MRNX: BUY (confidence=80)  ✓
+Decision for EWUS (NYSE American): BUY (confidence=80)  ✓
+Skip BUY APLZ (NYSE American): no affordable quantity (cash=0.00, price=0.00)  ✗
+```
+
+- `get_overseas_price()`: `NASD`/`NYSE`/`AMEX` 전송 → API가 `NAS`/`NYS`/`AMS` 기대 → 빈 응답 → `price=0`
+- `VTTS3012R` 잔고 API: "ERROR : INPUT INVALID_CHECK_ACNO" → `total_cash=0`
+- 결과: `_determine_order_quantity()` 가 0 반환 → 주문 건너뜀
+
+**수정 #2 (PR #148, Issue #147):**
+- `src/broker/overseas.py`: `_PRICE_EXCHANGE_MAP = _RANKING_EXCHANGE_MAP` 추가, 가격 API에 매핑 적용
+- `src/config.py`: `PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH: float = Field(default=50000.0)` — paper 모드 시뮬레이션 잔고
+- `src/main.py`: 잔고 0일 때 PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH 폴백, 가격 0일 때 candidate.price 폴백
+- 테스트 8개 추가
+
+**효과:**
+- BUY 결정 → 실제 주문 전송까지의 파이프라인이 완전히 동작
+- Paper 모드에서 KIS VTS 해외 잔고 API 오류에 관계없이 시뮬레이션 거래 가능
+
+**이슈/PR:** #145, #146, #147, #148
+
+### 해외주식 시장가 주문 거부 수정 (Fix #3, 연속 발견)
+
+**배경:**
+- Fix #147 적용 후 주문 전송 시작 → KIS VTS가 거부: "지정가만 가능한 상품입니다"
+
+**근본 원인:**
+- `trading_cycle()`, `run_daily_session()` 양쪽에서 `send_overseas_order(price=0.0)` 하드코딩
+- `price=0` → `ORD_DVSN="01"` (시장가) 전송 → KIS VTS 거부
+- Fix #147에서 이미 `current_price`를 올바르게 계산했으나 주문 시 미사용
+
+**구현 결과:**
+- `src/main.py`: 두 곳에서 `price=0.0` → `price=current_price`/`price=stock_data["current_price"]`
+- `tests/test_main.py`: 회귀 테스트 `test_overseas_buy_order_uses_limit_price` 추가
+
+**최종 확인 로그:**
+```
+Order result: 모의투자 매수주문이 완료 되었습니다.  ✓
+```
+
+**이슈/PR:** #149, #150

src/brain/gemini_client.py

@@ -410,8 +410,10 @@ class GeminiClient:
                     cached=True,
                 )
 
-        # Build optimized prompt
+        # Build prompt (prompt_override takes priority for callers like pre_market_planner)
-        if self._enable_optimization:
+        if "prompt_override" in market_data:
+            prompt = market_data["prompt_override"]
+        elif self._enable_optimization:
             prompt = self._optimizer.build_compressed_prompt(market_data)
         else:
             prompt = await self.build_prompt(market_data, news_sentiment)

src/broker/kis_api.py

@@ -20,6 +20,39 @@ _KIS_VTS_HOST = "openapivts.koreainvestment.com"
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
+def kr_tick_unit(price: float) -> int:
+    """Return KRX tick size for the given price level.
+
+    KRX price tick rules (domestic stocks):
+        price < 2,000        →   1원
+        2,000  ≤ price < 5,000     →   5원
+        5,000  ≤ price < 20,000    →  10원
+        20,000 ≤ price < 50,000    →  50원
+        50,000 ≤ price < 200,000   → 100원
+        200,000 ≤ price < 500,000  → 500원
+        500,000 ≤ price            → 1,000원
+    """
+    if price < 2_000:
+        return 1
+    if price < 5_000:
+        return 5
+    if price < 20_000:
+        return 10
+    if price < 50_000:
+        return 50
+    if price < 200_000:
+        return 100
+    if price < 500_000:
+        return 500
+    return 1_000
+
+
+def kr_round_down(price: float) -> int:
+    """Round *down* price to the nearest KRX tick unit."""
+    tick = kr_tick_unit(price)
+    return int(price // tick * tick)
+
+
 class LeakyBucket:
     """Simple leaky-bucket rate limiter for async code."""
 
@@ -198,6 +231,55 @@ class KISBroker:
         except (TimeoutError, aiohttp.ClientError) as exc:
             raise ConnectionError(f"Network error fetching orderbook: {exc}") from exc
 
+    async def get_current_price(
+        self, stock_code: str
+    ) -> tuple[float, float, float]:
+        """Fetch current price data for a domestic stock.
+
+        Uses the ``inquire-price`` API (FHKST01010100), which works in both
+        real and VTS environments and returns the actual last-traded price.
+
+        Returns:
+            (current_price, prdy_ctrt, frgn_ntby_qty)
+            - current_price: Last traded price in KRW.
+            - prdy_ctrt: Day change rate (%).
+            - frgn_ntby_qty: Foreigner net buy quantity.
+        """
+        await self._rate_limiter.acquire()
+        session = self._get_session()
+
+        headers = await self._auth_headers("FHKST01010100")
+        params = {
+            "FID_COND_MRKT_DIV_CODE": "J",
+            "FID_INPUT_ISCD": stock_code,
+        }
+        url = f"{self._base_url}/uapi/domestic-stock/v1/quotations/inquire-price"
+
+        def _f(val: str | None) -> float:
+            try:
+                return float(val or "0")
+            except ValueError:
+                return 0.0
+
+        try:
+            async with session.get(url, headers=headers, params=params) as resp:
+                if resp.status != 200:
+                    text = await resp.text()
+                    raise ConnectionError(
+                        f"get_current_price failed ({resp.status}): {text}"
+                    )
+                data = await resp.json()
+                out = data.get("output", {})
+                return (
+                    _f(out.get("stck_prpr")),
+                    _f(out.get("prdy_ctrt")),
+                    _f(out.get("frgn_ntby_qty")),
+                )
+        except (TimeoutError, aiohttp.ClientError) as exc:
+            raise ConnectionError(
+                f"Network error fetching current price: {exc}"
+            ) from exc
+
     async def get_balance(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
         """Fetch current account balance and holdings."""
         await self._rate_limiter.acquire()
@@ -249,13 +331,23 @@ class KISBroker:
         session = self._get_session()
 
         tr_id = "VTTC0802U" if order_type == "BUY" else "VTTC0801U"
+
+        # KRX requires limit orders to be rounded down to the tick unit.
+        # ORD_DVSN: "00"=지정가, "01"=시장가
+        if price > 0:
+            ord_dvsn = "00"  # 지정가
+            ord_price = kr_round_down(price)
+        else:
+            ord_dvsn = "01"  # 시장가
+            ord_price = 0
+
         body = {
             "CANO": self._account_no,
             "ACNT_PRDT_CD": self._product_cd,
             "PDNO": stock_code,
-            "ORD_DVSN": "01" if price > 0 else "06",  # 01=지정가, 06=시장가
+            "ORD_DVSN": ord_dvsn,
             "ORD_QTY": str(quantity),
-            "ORD_UNPR": str(price),
+            "ORD_UNPR": str(ord_price),
         }
 
         hash_key = await self._get_hash_key(body)
@@ -304,26 +396,46 @@ class KISBroker:
         await self._rate_limiter.acquire()
         session = self._get_session()
 
-        # TR_ID for volume ranking
+        if ranking_type == "volume":
-        tr_id = "FHPST01710000" if ranking_type == "volume" else "FHPST01710100"
+            # 거래량순위: FHPST01710000 / /quotations/volume-rank
+            tr_id = "FHPST01710000"
+            url = f"{self._base_url}/uapi/domestic-stock/v1/quotations/volume-rank"
+            params: dict[str, str] = {
+                "FID_COND_MRKT_DIV_CODE": "J",
+                "FID_COND_SCR_DIV_CODE": "20171",
+                "FID_INPUT_ISCD": "0000",
+                "FID_DIV_CLS_CODE": "0",
+                "FID_BLNG_CLS_CODE": "0",
+                "FID_TRGT_CLS_CODE": "111111111",
+                "FID_TRGT_EXLS_CLS_CODE": "0000000000",
+                "FID_INPUT_PRICE_1": "0",
+                "FID_INPUT_PRICE_2": "0",
+                "FID_VOL_CNT": "0",
+                "FID_INPUT_DATE_1": "",
+            }
+        else:
+            # 등락률순위: FHPST01700000 / /ranking/fluctuation (소문자 파라미터)
+            tr_id = "FHPST01700000"
+            url = f"{self._base_url}/uapi/domestic-stock/v1/ranking/fluctuation"
+            params = {
+                "fid_cond_mrkt_div_code": "J",
+                "fid_cond_scr_div_code": "20170",
+                "fid_input_iscd": "0000",
+                "fid_rank_sort_cls_code": "0000",
+                "fid_input_cnt_1": str(limit),
+                "fid_prc_cls_code": "0",
+                "fid_input_price_1": "0",
+                "fid_input_price_2": "0",
+                "fid_vol_cnt": "0",
+                "fid_trgt_cls_code": "0",
+                "fid_trgt_exls_cls_code": "0",
+                "fid_div_cls_code": "0",
+                "fid_rsfl_rate1": "0",
+                "fid_rsfl_rate2": "0",
+            }
+
         headers = await self._auth_headers(tr_id)
 
-        params = {
-            "FID_COND_MRKT_DIV_CODE": "J",  # Stock/ETF/ETN
-            "FID_COND_SCR_DIV_CODE": "20001",  # Volume surge
-            "FID_INPUT_ISCD": "0000",  # All stocks
-            "FID_DIV_CLS_CODE": "0",  # All types
-            "FID_BLNG_CLS_CODE": "0",
-            "FID_TRGT_CLS_CODE": "111111111",
-            "FID_TRGT_EXLS_CLS_CODE": "000000",
-            "FID_INPUT_PRICE_1": "0",
-            "FID_INPUT_PRICE_2": "0",
-            "FID_VOL_CNT": "0",
-            "FID_INPUT_DATE_1": "",
-        }
-
-        url = f"{self._base_url}/uapi/domestic-stock/v1/quotations/volume-rank"
-
         try:
             async with session.get(url, headers=headers, params=params) as resp:
                 if resp.status != 200:

src/broker/overseas.py

@@ -25,6 +25,10 @@ _RANKING_EXCHANGE_MAP: dict[str, str] = {
     "TSE": "TSE",
 }
 
+# Price inquiry API (HHDFS00000300) uses the same short exchange codes as rankings.
+# NASD → NAS, NYSE → NYS, AMEX → AMS (confirmed: AMEX returns empty, AMS returns price).
+_PRICE_EXCHANGE_MAP: dict[str, str] = _RANKING_EXCHANGE_MAP
+
 
 class OverseasBroker:
     """KIS Overseas Stock API wrapper that reuses KISBroker infrastructure."""
@@ -58,9 +62,11 @@ class OverseasBroker:
         session = self._broker._get_session()
 
         headers = await self._broker._auth_headers("HHDFS00000300")
+        # Map internal exchange codes to the short form expected by the price API.
+        price_excd = _PRICE_EXCHANGE_MAP.get(exchange_code, exchange_code)
         params = {
             "AUTH": "",
-            "EXCD": exchange_code,
+            "EXCD": price_excd,
             "SYMB": stock_code,
         }
         url = f"{self._broker._base_url}/uapi/overseas-price/v1/quotations/price"
@@ -251,14 +257,27 @@ class OverseasBroker:
                         f"send_overseas_order failed ({resp.status}): {text}"
                     )
                 data = await resp.json()
-                logger.info(
+                rt_cd = data.get("rt_cd", "")
-                    "Overseas order submitted",
+                msg1 = data.get("msg1", "")
-                    extra={
+                if rt_cd == "0":
-                        "exchange": exchange_code,
+                    logger.info(
-                        "stock_code": stock_code,
+                        "Overseas order submitted",
-                        "action": order_type,
+                        extra={
-                    },
+                            "exchange": exchange_code,
-                )
+                            "stock_code": stock_code,
+                            "action": order_type,
+                        },
+                    )
+                else:
+                    logger.warning(
+                        "Overseas order rejected (rt_cd=%s): %s [%s %s %s qty=%d]",
+                        rt_cd,
+                        msg1,
+                        order_type,
+                        stock_code,
+                        exchange_code,
+                        quantity,
+                    )
                 return data
         except (TimeoutError, aiohttp.ClientError) as exc:
             raise ConnectionError(

src/config.py

@@ -55,6 +55,11 @@ class Settings(BaseSettings):
     # Trading mode
     MODE: str = Field(default="paper", pattern="^(paper|live)$")
 
+    # Simulated USD cash for VTS (paper) overseas trading.
+    # KIS VTS overseas balance API returns errors for most accounts.
+    # This value is used as a fallback when the balance API returns 0 in paper mode.
+    PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH: float = Field(default=50000.0, ge=0.0)
+
     # Trading frequency mode (daily = batch API calls, realtime = per-stock calls)
     TRADE_MODE: str = Field(default="daily", pattern="^(daily|realtime)$")
     DAILY_SESSIONS: int = Field(default=4, ge=1, le=10)

src/dashboard/app.py

@@ -259,6 +259,50 @@ def create_dashboard_app(db_path: str) -> FastAPI:
                 )
             return {"market": market, "count": len(decisions), "decisions": decisions}
 
+    @app.get("/api/pnl/history")
+    def get_pnl_history(
+        days: int = Query(default=30, ge=1, le=365),
+        market: str = Query("all"),
+    ) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        """Return daily P&L history for charting."""
+        with _connect(db_path) as conn:
+            if market == "all":
+                rows = conn.execute(
+                    """
+                    SELECT DATE(timestamp) AS date,
+                           SUM(pnl) AS daily_pnl,
+                           COUNT(*) AS trade_count
+                    FROM trades
+                    WHERE pnl IS NOT NULL
+                      AND DATE(timestamp) >= DATE('now', ?)
+                    GROUP BY DATE(timestamp)
+                    ORDER BY DATE(timestamp)
+                    """,
+                    (f"-{days} days",),
+                ).fetchall()
+            else:
+                rows = conn.execute(
+                    """
+                    SELECT DATE(timestamp) AS date,
+                           SUM(pnl) AS daily_pnl,
+                           COUNT(*) AS trade_count
+                    FROM trades
+                    WHERE pnl IS NOT NULL
+                      AND market = ?
+                      AND DATE(timestamp) >= DATE('now', ?)
+                    GROUP BY DATE(timestamp)
+                    ORDER BY DATE(timestamp)
+                    """,
+                    (market, f"-{days} days"),
+                ).fetchall()
+            return {
+                "days": days,
+                "market": market,
+                "labels": [row["date"] for row in rows],
+                "pnl": [round(float(row["daily_pnl"]), 2) for row in rows],
+                "trades": [int(row["trade_count"]) for row in rows],
+            }
+
     @app.get("/api/scenarios/active")
     def get_active_scenarios(
         market: str = Query("US"),

src/dashboard/static/index.html

@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 <!doctype html>
-<html lang="en">
+<html lang="ko">
   <head>
     <meta charset="UTF-8" />
     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
     <title>The Ouroboros Dashboard</title>
+    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/chart.js@4.4.0/dist/chart.umd.min.js"></script>
     <style>
       :root {
         --bg: #0b1724;
@@ -11,51 +12,390 @@
         --fg: #e6eef7;
         --muted: #9fb3c8;
         --accent: #3cb371;
+        --red: #e05555;
+        --border: #28455f;
       }
+      * { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
       body {
-        margin: 0;
         font-family: ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, monospace;
         background: radial-gradient(circle at top left, #173b58, var(--bg));
         color: var(--fg);
+        min-height: 100vh;
+        font-size: 13px;
       }
-      .wrap {
+      .wrap { max-width: 1100px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 20px 16px; }
-        max-width: 900px;
+
-        margin: 48px auto;
+      /* Header */
-        padding: 0 16px;
+      header {
+        display: flex;
+        align-items: center;
+        justify-content: space-between;
+        margin-bottom: 20px;
+        padding-bottom: 12px;
+        border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
       }
+      header h1 { font-size: 18px; color: var(--accent); letter-spacing: 0.5px; }
+      .header-right { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 12px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 12px; }
+      .refresh-btn {
+        background: none; border: 1px solid var(--border); color: var(--muted);
+        padding: 4px 10px; border-radius: 6px; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit;
+        font-size: 12px; transition: border-color 0.2s;
+      }
+      .refresh-btn:hover { border-color: var(--accent); color: var(--accent); }
+
+      /* Summary cards */
+      .cards { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr); gap: 12px; margin-bottom: 20px; }
+      @media (max-width: 700px) { .cards { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); } }
       .card {
-        background: color-mix(in oklab, var(--panel), black 12%);
+        background: var(--panel);
-        border: 1px solid #28455f;
+        border: 1px solid var(--border);
-        border-radius: 12px;
+        border-radius: 10px;
-        padding: 20px;
+        padding: 16px;
       }
-      h1 {
+      .card-label { color: var(--muted); font-size: 11px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.5px; }
-        margin-top: 0;
+      .card-value { font-size: 22px; font-weight: 700; }
+      .card-sub { color: var(--muted); font-size: 11px; margin-top: 4px; }
+      .positive { color: var(--accent); }
+      .negative { color: var(--red); }
+      .neutral { color: var(--fg); }
+
+      /* Chart panel */
+      .chart-panel {
+        background: var(--panel);
+        border: 1px solid var(--border);
+        border-radius: 10px;
+        padding: 16px;
+        margin-bottom: 20px;
       }
-      code {
+      .panel-header {
-        color: var(--accent);
+        display: flex;
+        align-items: center;
+        justify-content: space-between;
+        margin-bottom: 16px;
       }
-      li {
+      .panel-title { font-size: 13px; color: var(--muted); font-weight: 600; }
-        margin: 6px 0;
+      .chart-container { position: relative; height: 180px; }
-        color: var(--muted);
+      .chart-error { color: var(--muted); text-align: center; padding: 40px 0; font-size: 12px; }
+
+      /* Days selector */
+      .days-selector { display: flex; gap: 4px; }
+      .day-btn {
+        background: none; border: 1px solid var(--border); color: var(--muted);
+        padding: 3px 8px; border-radius: 4px; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 11px;
       }
+      .day-btn.active { border-color: var(--accent); color: var(--accent); background: rgba(60, 179, 113, 0.08); }
+
+      /* Decisions panel */
+      .decisions-panel {
+        background: var(--panel);
+        border: 1px solid var(--border);
+        border-radius: 10px;
+        padding: 16px;
+      }
+      .market-tabs { display: flex; gap: 6px; flex-wrap: wrap; }
+      .tab-btn {
+        background: none; border: 1px solid var(--border); color: var(--muted);
+        padding: 4px 10px; border-radius: 6px; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 11px;
+      }
+      .tab-btn.active { border-color: var(--accent); color: var(--accent); background: rgba(60, 179, 113, 0.08); }
+      .decisions-table { width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; margin-top: 14px; }
+      .decisions-table th {
+        text-align: left; color: var(--muted); font-size: 11px; font-weight: 600;
+        padding: 6px 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border); white-space: nowrap;
+      }
+      .decisions-table td {
+        padding: 8px 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(40, 69, 95, 0.5);
+        vertical-align: middle; white-space: nowrap;
+      }
+      .decisions-table tr:last-child td { border-bottom: none; }
+      .decisions-table tr:hover td { background: rgba(255,255,255,0.02); }
+      .badge {
+        display: inline-block; padding: 2px 7px; border-radius: 4px;
+        font-size: 11px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.5px;
+      }
+      .badge-buy { background: rgba(60, 179, 113, 0.15); color: var(--accent); }
+      .badge-sell { background: rgba(224, 85, 85, 0.15); color: var(--red); }
+      .badge-hold { background: rgba(159, 179, 200, 0.12); color: var(--muted); }
+      .conf-bar-wrap { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 6px; min-width: 90px; }
+      .conf-bar { flex: 1; height: 6px; background: rgba(255,255,255,0.08); border-radius: 3px; overflow: hidden; }
+      .conf-fill { height: 100%; border-radius: 3px; background: var(--accent); transition: width 0.3s; }
+      .conf-val { color: var(--muted); font-size: 11px; min-width: 26px; text-align: right; }
+      .rationale-cell { max-width: 200px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; color: var(--muted); }
+      .empty-row td { text-align: center; color: var(--muted); padding: 24px; }
+
+      /* Spinner */
+      .spinner { display: inline-block; width: 12px; height: 12px; border: 2px solid var(--border); border-top-color: var(--accent); border-radius: 50%; animation: spin 0.8s linear infinite; }
+      @keyframes spin { to { transform: rotate(360deg); } }
     </style>
   </head>
   <body>
     <div class="wrap">
-      <div class="card">
+      <!-- Header -->
-        <h1>The Ouroboros Dashboard API</h1>
+      <header>
-        <p>Use the following endpoints:</p>
+        <h1>&#x1F40D; The Ouroboros</h1>
-        <ul>
+        <div class="header-right">
-          <li><code>/api/status</code></li>
+          <span id="last-updated">--</span>
-          <li><code>/api/playbook/{date}?market=KR</code></li>
+          <button class="refresh-btn" onclick="refreshAll()">&#x21BA; 새로고침</button>
-          <li><code>/api/scorecard/{date}?market=KR</code></li>
+        </div>
-          <li><code>/api/performance?market=all</code></li>
+      </header>
-          <li><code>/api/context/{layer}</code></li>
+
-          <li><code>/api/decisions?market=KR</code></li>
+      <!-- Summary cards -->
-          <li><code>/api/scenarios/active?market=US</code></li>
+      <div class="cards">
-        </ul>
+        <div class="card">
+          <div class="card-label">오늘 거래</div>
+          <div class="card-value neutral" id="card-trades">--</div>
+          <div class="card-sub" id="card-trades-sub">거래 건수</div>
+        </div>
+        <div class="card">
+          <div class="card-label">오늘 P&amp;L</div>
+          <div class="card-value" id="card-pnl">--</div>
+          <div class="card-sub" id="card-pnl-sub">실현 손익</div>
+        </div>
+        <div class="card">
+          <div class="card-label">승률</div>
+          <div class="card-value neutral" id="card-winrate">--</div>
+          <div class="card-sub">전체 누적</div>
+        </div>
+        <div class="card">
+          <div class="card-label">누적 거래</div>
+          <div class="card-value neutral" id="card-total">--</div>
+          <div class="card-sub">전체 기간</div>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+
+      <!-- P&L Chart -->
+      <div class="chart-panel">
+        <div class="panel-header">
+          <span class="panel-title">P&amp;L 추이</span>
+          <div class="days-selector">
+            <button class="day-btn active" data-days="7" onclick="selectDays(this)">7일</button>
+            <button class="day-btn" data-days="30" onclick="selectDays(this)">30일</button>
+            <button class="day-btn" data-days="90" onclick="selectDays(this)">90일</button>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+        <div class="chart-container">
+          <canvas id="pnl-chart"></canvas>
+          <div class="chart-error" id="chart-error" style="display:none">데이터 없음</div>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+
+      <!-- Decisions log -->
+      <div class="decisions-panel">
+        <div class="panel-header">
+          <span class="panel-title">최근 결정 로그</span>
+          <div class="market-tabs" id="market-tabs">
+            <button class="tab-btn active" data-market="KR" onclick="selectMarket(this)">KR</button>
+            <button class="tab-btn" data-market="US_NASDAQ" onclick="selectMarket(this)">US_NASDAQ</button>
+            <button class="tab-btn" data-market="US_NYSE" onclick="selectMarket(this)">US_NYSE</button>
+            <button class="tab-btn" data-market="JP" onclick="selectMarket(this)">JP</button>
+            <button class="tab-btn" data-market="HK" onclick="selectMarket(this)">HK</button>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+        <table class="decisions-table">
+          <thead>
+            <tr>
+              <th>시각</th>
+              <th>종목</th>
+              <th>액션</th>
+              <th>신뢰도</th>
+              <th>사유</th>
+            </tr>
+          </thead>
+          <tbody id="decisions-body">
+            <tr class="empty-row"><td colspan="5"><span class="spinner"></span></td></tr>
+          </tbody>
+        </table>
       </div>
     </div>
+
+    <script>
+      let pnlChart = null;
+      let currentDays = 7;
+      let currentMarket = 'KR';
+
+      function fmt(dt) {
+        try {
+          const d = new Date(dt);
+          return d.toLocaleTimeString('ko-KR', { hour: '2-digit', minute: '2-digit', hour12: false });
+        } catch { return dt || '--'; }
+      }
+
+      function fmtPnl(v) {
+        if (v === null || v === undefined) return '--';
+        const n = parseFloat(v);
+        const cls = n > 0 ? 'positive' : n < 0 ? 'negative' : 'neutral';
+        const sign = n > 0 ? '+' : '';
+        return `<span class="${cls}">${sign}${n.toFixed(2)}</span>`;
+      }
+
+      function badge(action) {
+        const a = (action || '').toUpperCase();
+        const cls = a === 'BUY' ? 'badge-buy' : a === 'SELL' ? 'badge-sell' : 'badge-hold';
+        return `<span class="badge ${cls}">${a}</span>`;
+      }
+
+      function confBar(conf) {
+        const pct = Math.min(Math.max(conf || 0, 0), 100);
+        return `<div class="conf-bar-wrap">
+          <div class="conf-bar"><div class="conf-fill" style="width:${pct}%"></div></div>
+          <span class="conf-val">${pct}</span>
+        </div>`;
+      }
+
+      async function fetchStatus() {
+        try {
+          const r = await fetch('/api/status');
+          if (!r.ok) return;
+          const d = await r.json();
+          const t = d.totals || {};
+          document.getElementById('card-trades').textContent = t.trade_count ?? '--';
+          const pnlEl = document.getElementById('card-pnl');
+          const pnlV = t.total_pnl;
+          if (pnlV !== undefined) {
+            const n = parseFloat(pnlV);
+            const sign = n > 0 ? '+' : '';
+            pnlEl.textContent = `${sign}${n.toFixed(2)}`;
+            pnlEl.className = `card-value ${n > 0 ? 'positive' : n < 0 ? 'negative' : 'neutral'}`;
+          }
+          document.getElementById('card-pnl-sub').textContent = `결정 ${t.decision_count ?? 0}건`;
+        } catch {}
+      }
+
+      async function fetchPerformance() {
+        try {
+          const r = await fetch('/api/performance?market=all');
+          if (!r.ok) return;
+          const d = await r.json();
+          const c = d.combined || {};
+          document.getElementById('card-winrate').textContent = c.win_rate !== undefined ? `${c.win_rate}%` : '--';
+          document.getElementById('card-total').textContent = c.total_trades ?? '--';
+        } catch {}
+      }
+
+      async function fetchPnlHistory(days) {
+        try {
+          const r = await fetch(`/api/pnl/history?days=${days}`);
+          if (!r.ok) throw new Error('fetch failed');
+          const d = await r.json();
+          renderChart(d);
+        } catch {
+          document.getElementById('chart-error').style.display = 'block';
+        }
+      }
+
+      function renderChart(data) {
+        const errEl = document.getElementById('chart-error');
+        if (!data.labels || data.labels.length === 0) {
+          errEl.style.display = 'block';
+          return;
+        }
+        errEl.style.display = 'none';
+
+        const colors = data.pnl.map(v => v >= 0 ? 'rgba(60,179,113,0.75)' : 'rgba(224,85,85,0.75)');
+        const borderColors = data.pnl.map(v => v >= 0 ? '#3cb371' : '#e05555');
+
+        if (pnlChart) { pnlChart.destroy(); pnlChart = null; }
+        const ctx = document.getElementById('pnl-chart').getContext('2d');
+        pnlChart = new Chart(ctx, {
+          type: 'bar',
+          data: {
+            labels: data.labels,
+            datasets: [{
+              label: 'Daily P&L',
+              data: data.pnl,
+              backgroundColor: colors,
+              borderColor: borderColors,
+              borderWidth: 1,
+              borderRadius: 3,
+            }]
+          },
+          options: {
+            responsive: true,
+            maintainAspectRatio: false,
+            plugins: {
+              legend: { display: false },
+              tooltip: {
+                callbacks: {
+                  label: ctx => {
+                    const v = ctx.parsed.y;
+                    const sign = v >= 0 ? '+' : '';
+                    const trades = data.trades[ctx.dataIndex];
+                    return [`P&L: ${sign}${v.toFixed(2)}`, `거래: ${trades}건`];
+                  }
+                }
+              }
+            },
+            scales: {
+              x: {
+                ticks: { color: '#9fb3c8', font: { size: 10 }, maxRotation: 0 },
+                grid: { color: 'rgba(40,69,95,0.4)' }
+              },
+              y: {
+                ticks: { color: '#9fb3c8', font: { size: 10 } },
+                grid: { color: 'rgba(40,69,95,0.4)' }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        });
+      }
+
+      async function fetchDecisions(market) {
+        const tbody = document.getElementById('decisions-body');
+        tbody.innerHTML = '<tr class="empty-row"><td colspan="5"><span class="spinner"></span></td></tr>';
+        try {
+          const r = await fetch(`/api/decisions?market=${market}&limit=50`);
+          if (!r.ok) throw new Error('fetch failed');
+          const d = await r.json();
+          if (!d.decisions || d.decisions.length === 0) {
+            tbody.innerHTML = '<tr class="empty-row"><td colspan="5">결정 로그 없음</td></tr>';
+            return;
+          }
+          tbody.innerHTML = d.decisions.map(dec => `
+            <tr>
+              <td>${fmt(dec.timestamp)}</td>
+              <td>${dec.stock_code || '--'}</td>
+              <td>${badge(dec.action)}</td>
+              <td>${confBar(dec.confidence)}</td>
+              <td class="rationale-cell" title="${(dec.rationale || '').replace(/"/g, '&quot;')}">${dec.rationale || '--'}</td>
+            </tr>
+          `).join('');
+        } catch {
+          tbody.innerHTML = '<tr class="empty-row"><td colspan="5">데이터 로드 실패</td></tr>';
+        }
+      }
+
+      function selectDays(btn) {
+        document.querySelectorAll('.day-btn').forEach(b => b.classList.remove('active'));
+        btn.classList.add('active');
+        currentDays = parseInt(btn.dataset.days, 10);
+        fetchPnlHistory(currentDays);
+      }
+
+      function selectMarket(btn) {
+        document.querySelectorAll('.tab-btn').forEach(b => b.classList.remove('active'));
+        btn.classList.add('active');
+        currentMarket = btn.dataset.market;
+        fetchDecisions(currentMarket);
+      }
+
+      async function refreshAll() {
+        document.getElementById('last-updated').textContent = '업데이트 중...';
+        await Promise.all([
+          fetchStatus(),
+          fetchPerformance(),
+          fetchPnlHistory(currentDays),
+          fetchDecisions(currentMarket),
+        ]);
+        const now = new Date();
+        const timeStr = now.toLocaleTimeString('ko-KR', { hour: '2-digit', minute: '2-digit', second: '2-digit', hour12: false });
+        document.getElementById('last-updated').textContent = `마지막 업데이트: ${timeStr}`;
+      }
+
+      // Initial load
+      refreshAll();
+
+      // Auto-refresh every 30 seconds
+      setInterval(refreshAll, 30000);
+    </script>
   </body>
 </html>

src/main.py

@@ -204,7 +204,9 @@ async def trading_cycle(
 
     # 1. Fetch market data
     if market.is_domestic:
-        orderbook = await broker.get_orderbook(stock_code)
+        current_price, price_change_pct, foreigner_net = await broker.get_current_price(
+            stock_code
+        )
         balance_data = await broker.get_balance()
 
         output2 = balance_data.get("output2", [{}])
@@ -215,10 +217,6 @@ async def trading_cycle(
             else "0"
         )
         purchase_total = safe_float(output2[0].get("pchs_amt_smtl_amt", "0")) if output2 else 0
-
-        current_price = safe_float(orderbook.get("output1", {}).get("stck_prpr", "0"))
-        foreigner_net = safe_float(orderbook.get("output1", {}).get("frgn_ntby_qty", "0"))
-        price_change_pct = safe_float(orderbook.get("output1", {}).get("prdy_ctrt", "0"))
     else:
         # Overseas market
         price_data = await overseas_broker.get_overseas_price(
@@ -239,10 +237,43 @@ async def trading_cycle(
         total_cash = safe_float(balance_info.get("frcr_dncl_amt_2", "0") or "0")
         purchase_total = safe_float(balance_info.get("frcr_buy_amt_smtl", "0") or "0")
 
+        # Paper mode fallback: VTS overseas balance API often fails for many accounts.
+        if total_cash <= 0 and settings and settings.PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH > 0:
+            logger.debug(
+                "Overseas cash balance is 0 for %s; using paper fallback %.2f USD",
+                market.exchange_code,
+                settings.PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH,
+            )
+            total_cash = settings.PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH
+
         current_price = safe_float(price_data.get("output", {}).get("last", "0"))
+        # Fallback: if price API returns 0, use scanner candidate price
+        if current_price <= 0:
+            market_candidates_lookup = scan_candidates.get(market.code, {})
+            cand_lookup = market_candidates_lookup.get(stock_code)
+            if cand_lookup and cand_lookup.price > 0:
+                logger.debug(
+                    "Price API returned 0 for %s; using scanner candidate price %.4f",
+                    stock_code,
+                    cand_lookup.price,
+                )
+                current_price = cand_lookup.price
         foreigner_net = 0.0  # Not available for overseas
         price_change_pct = safe_float(price_data.get("output", {}).get("rate", "0"))
 
+        # Price API may return 0/empty for certain VTS exchange codes.
+        # Fall back to the scanner candidate's price so order sizing still works.
+        if current_price <= 0:
+            market_candidates_lookup = scan_candidates.get(market.code, {})
+            cand_lookup = market_candidates_lookup.get(stock_code)
+            if cand_lookup and cand_lookup.price > 0:
+                current_price = cand_lookup.price
+                logger.debug(
+                    "Price API returned 0 for %s; using scanner price %.4f",
+                    stock_code,
+                    current_price,
+                )
+
     # Calculate daily P&L %
     pnl_pct = (
         ((total_eval - purchase_total) / purchase_total * 100)
@@ -474,6 +505,7 @@ async def trading_cycle(
             raise  # Re-raise to prevent trade
 
         # 5. Send order
+        order_succeeded = True
         if market.is_domestic:
             result = await broker.send_order(
                 stock_code=stock_code,
@@ -482,29 +514,48 @@ async def trading_cycle(
                 price=0,  # market order
             )
         else:
+            # For overseas orders:
+            # - KIS VTS only accepts limit orders (지정가만 가능)
+            # - BUY: use 0.5% premium over last price to improve fill probability
+            #   (ask price is typically slightly above last, and VTS won't fill below ask)
+            # - SELL: use last price as the limit
+            if decision.action == "BUY":
+                order_price = round(current_price * 1.005, 4)
+            else:
+                order_price = current_price
             result = await overseas_broker.send_overseas_order(
                 exchange_code=market.exchange_code,
                 stock_code=stock_code,
                 order_type=decision.action,
                 quantity=quantity,
-                price=0.0,  # market order
+                price=order_price,  # limit order — KIS VTS rejects market orders
             )
+            # Check if KIS rejected the order (rt_cd != "0")
+            if result.get("rt_cd", "") != "0":
+                order_succeeded = False
+                logger.warning(
+                    "Overseas order not accepted for %s: rt_cd=%s msg=%s",
+                    stock_code,
+                    result.get("rt_cd"),
+                    result.get("msg1"),
+                )
         logger.info("Order result: %s", result.get("msg1", "OK"))
 
-        # 5.5. Notify trade execution
+        # 5.5. Notify trade execution (only on success)
-        try:
+        if order_succeeded:
-            await telegram.notify_trade_execution(
+            try:
-                stock_code=stock_code,
+                await telegram.notify_trade_execution(
-                market=market.name,
+                    stock_code=stock_code,
-                action=decision.action,
+                    market=market.name,
-                quantity=quantity,
+                    action=decision.action,
-                price=current_price,
+                    quantity=quantity,
-                confidence=decision.confidence,
+                    price=current_price,
-            )
+                    confidence=decision.confidence,
-        except Exception as exc:
+                )
-            logger.warning("Telegram notification failed: %s", exc)
+            except Exception as exc:
+                logger.warning("Telegram notification failed: %s", exc)
 
-        if decision.action == "SELL":
+        if decision.action == "SELL" and order_succeeded:
             buy_trade = get_latest_buy_trade(db_conn, stock_code, market.code)
             if buy_trade and buy_trade.get("price") is not None:
                 buy_price = float(buy_trade["price"])
@@ -516,7 +567,9 @@ async def trading_cycle(
                     accuracy=1 if trade_pnl > 0 else 0,
                 )
 
-    # 6. Log trade with selection context
+    # 6. Log trade with selection context (skip if order was rejected)
+    if decision.action in ("BUY", "SELL") and not order_succeeded:
+        return
     selection_context = None
     if stock_code in market_candidates:
         candidate = market_candidates[stock_code]
@@ -671,15 +724,8 @@ async def run_daily_session(
         for stock_code in watchlist:
             try:
                 if market.is_domestic:
-                    orderbook = await broker.get_orderbook(stock_code)
+                    current_price, price_change_pct, foreigner_net = (
-                    current_price = safe_float(
+                        await broker.get_current_price(stock_code)
-                        orderbook.get("output1", {}).get("stck_prpr", "0")
-                    )
-                    foreigner_net = safe_float(
-                        orderbook.get("output1", {}).get("frgn_ntby_qty", "0")
-                    )
-                    price_change_pct = safe_float(
-                        orderbook.get("output1", {}).get("prdy_ctrt", "0")
                     )
                 else:
                     price_data = await overseas_broker.get_overseas_price(
@@ -688,10 +734,30 @@ async def run_daily_session(
                     current_price = safe_float(
                         price_data.get("output", {}).get("last", "0")
                     )
+                    # Fallback: if price API returns 0, use scanner candidate price
+                    if current_price <= 0:
+                        cand_lookup = candidate_map.get(stock_code)
+                        if cand_lookup and cand_lookup.price > 0:
+                            logger.debug(
+                                "Price API returned 0 for %s; using scanner candidate price %.4f",
+                                stock_code,
+                                cand_lookup.price,
+                            )
+                            current_price = cand_lookup.price
                     foreigner_net = 0.0
                     price_change_pct = safe_float(
                         price_data.get("output", {}).get("rate", "0")
                     )
+                    # Fall back to scanner candidate price if API returns 0.
+                    if current_price <= 0:
+                        cand_lookup = candidate_map.get(stock_code)
+                        if cand_lookup and cand_lookup.price > 0:
+                            current_price = cand_lookup.price
+                            logger.debug(
+                                "Price API returned 0 for %s; using scanner price %.4f",
+                                stock_code,
+                                current_price,
+                            )
 
                 stock_data: dict[str, Any] = {
                     "stock_code": stock_code,
@@ -742,6 +808,13 @@ async def run_daily_session(
             purchase_total = safe_float(
                 balance_info.get("frcr_buy_amt_smtl", "0") or "0"
             )
+            # Paper mode fallback: VTS overseas balance API often fails for many accounts.
+            if total_cash <= 0 and settings.PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH > 0:
+                total_cash = settings.PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH
+
+            # VTS overseas balance API often returns 0; use paper fallback.
+            if total_cash <= 0 and settings.PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH > 0:
+                total_cash = settings.PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH
 
         # Calculate daily P&L %
         pnl_pct = (
@@ -816,6 +889,7 @@ async def run_daily_session(
             quantity = 0
             trade_price = stock_data["current_price"]
             trade_pnl = 0.0
+            order_succeeded = True
             if decision.action in ("BUY", "SELL"):
                 quantity = _determine_order_quantity(
                     action=decision.action,
@@ -868,6 +942,7 @@ async def run_daily_session(
                     raise
 
                 # Send order
+                order_succeeded = True
                 try:
                     if market.is_domestic:
                         result = await broker.send_order(
@@ -877,34 +952,48 @@ async def run_daily_session(
                             price=0,  # market order
                         )
                     else:
+                        # KIS VTS only accepts limit orders; use 0.5% premium for BUY
+                        if decision.action == "BUY":
+                            order_price = round(stock_data["current_price"] * 1.005, 4)
+                        else:
+                            order_price = stock_data["current_price"]
                         result = await overseas_broker.send_overseas_order(
                             exchange_code=market.exchange_code,
                             stock_code=stock_code,
                             order_type=decision.action,
                             quantity=quantity,
-                            price=0.0,  # market order
+                            price=order_price,  # limit order
                         )
+                        if result.get("rt_cd", "") != "0":
+                            order_succeeded = False
+                            logger.warning(
+                                "Overseas order not accepted for %s: rt_cd=%s msg=%s",
+                                stock_code,
+                                result.get("rt_cd"),
+                                result.get("msg1"),
+                            )
                     logger.info("Order result: %s", result.get("msg1", "OK"))
 
-                    # Notify trade execution
+                    # Notify trade execution (only on success)
-                    try:
+                    if order_succeeded:
-                        await telegram.notify_trade_execution(
+                        try:
-                            stock_code=stock_code,
+                            await telegram.notify_trade_execution(
-                            market=market.name,
+                                stock_code=stock_code,
-                            action=decision.action,
+                                market=market.name,
-                            quantity=quantity,
+                                action=decision.action,
-                            price=stock_data["current_price"],
+                                quantity=quantity,
-                            confidence=decision.confidence,
+                                price=stock_data["current_price"],
-                        )
+                                confidence=decision.confidence,
-                    except Exception as exc:
+                            )
-                        logger.warning("Telegram notification failed: %s", exc)
+                        except Exception as exc:
+                            logger.warning("Telegram notification failed: %s", exc)
                 except Exception as exc:
                     logger.error(
                         "Order execution failed for %s: %s", stock_code, exc
                     )
                     continue
 
-                if decision.action == "SELL":
+                if decision.action == "SELL" and order_succeeded:
                     buy_trade = get_latest_buy_trade(db_conn, stock_code, market.code)
                     if buy_trade and buy_trade.get("price") is not None:
                         buy_price = float(buy_trade["price"])
@@ -916,7 +1005,9 @@ async def run_daily_session(
                             accuracy=1 if trade_pnl > 0 else 0,
                         )
 
-            # Log trade
+            # Log trade (skip if order was rejected by API)
+            if decision.action in ("BUY", "SELL") and not order_succeeded:
+                continue
             log_trade(
                 conn=db_conn,
                 stock_code=stock_code,

src/strategy/pre_market_planner.py

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 """Pre-market planner — generates DayPlaybook via Gemini before market open.
 
 One Gemini API call per market per day. Candidates come from SmartVolatilityScanner.
-On failure, returns a defensive playbook (all HOLD, no trades).
+On failure, returns a smart rule-based fallback playbook that uses scanner signals
+(momentum/oversold) to generate BUY conditions, avoiding the all-HOLD problem.
 """
 
 from __future__ import annotations
@@ -134,7 +135,7 @@ class PreMarketPlanner:
         except Exception:
             logger.exception("Playbook generation failed for %s", market)
             if self._settings.DEFENSIVE_PLAYBOOK_ON_FAILURE:
-                return self._defensive_playbook(today, market, candidates)
+                return self._smart_fallback_playbook(today, market, candidates, self._settings)
             return self._empty_playbook(today, market)
 
     def build_cross_market_context(
@@ -470,3 +471,99 @@ class PreMarketPlanner:
                 ),
             ],
         )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _smart_fallback_playbook(
+        today: date,
+        market: str,
+        candidates: list[ScanCandidate],
+        settings: Settings,
+    ) -> DayPlaybook:
+        """Rule-based fallback playbook when Gemini is unavailable.
+
+        Uses scanner signals (RSI, volume_ratio) to generate meaningful BUY
+        conditions instead of the all-SELL defensive playbook.  Candidates are
+        already pre-qualified by SmartVolatilityScanner, so we trust their
+        signals and build actionable scenarios from them.
+
+        Scenario logic per candidate:
+        - momentum signal: BUY when volume_ratio exceeds scanner threshold
+        - oversold signal: BUY when RSI is below oversold threshold
+        - always: SELL stop-loss at -3.0% as guard
+        """
+        stock_playbooks = []
+        for c in candidates:
+            scenarios: list[StockScenario] = []
+
+            if c.signal == "momentum":
+                scenarios.append(
+                    StockScenario(
+                        condition=StockCondition(
+                            volume_ratio_above=settings.VOL_MULTIPLIER,
+                        ),
+                        action=ScenarioAction.BUY,
+                        confidence=80,
+                        allocation_pct=10.0,
+                        stop_loss_pct=-3.0,
+                        take_profit_pct=5.0,
+                        rationale=(
+                            f"Rule-based BUY: momentum signal, "
+                            f"volume={c.volume_ratio:.1f}x (fallback planner)"
+                        ),
+                    )
+                )
+            elif c.signal == "oversold":
+                scenarios.append(
+                    StockScenario(
+                        condition=StockCondition(
+                            rsi_below=settings.RSI_OVERSOLD_THRESHOLD,
+                        ),
+                        action=ScenarioAction.BUY,
+                        confidence=80,
+                        allocation_pct=10.0,
+                        stop_loss_pct=-3.0,
+                        take_profit_pct=5.0,
+                        rationale=(
+                            f"Rule-based BUY: oversold signal, "
+                            f"RSI={c.rsi:.0f} (fallback planner)"
+                        ),
+                    )
+                )
+
+            # Always add stop-loss guard
+            scenarios.append(
+                StockScenario(
+                    condition=StockCondition(price_change_pct_below=-3.0),
+                    action=ScenarioAction.SELL,
+                    confidence=90,
+                    stop_loss_pct=-3.0,
+                    rationale="Rule-based stop-loss (fallback planner)",
+                )
+            )
+
+            stock_playbooks.append(
+                StockPlaybook(
+                    stock_code=c.stock_code,
+                    scenarios=scenarios,
+                )
+            )
+
+        logger.info(
+            "Smart fallback playbook for %s: %d stocks with rule-based BUY/SELL conditions",
+            market,
+            len(stock_playbooks),
+        )
+        return DayPlaybook(
+            date=today,
+            market=market,
+            market_outlook=MarketOutlook.NEUTRAL,
+            default_action=ScenarioAction.HOLD,
+            stock_playbooks=stock_playbooks,
+            global_rules=[
+                GlobalRule(
+                    condition="portfolio_pnl_pct < -2.0",
+                    action=ScenarioAction.REDUCE_ALL,
+                    rationale="Defensive: reduce on loss threshold",
+                ),
+            ],
+        )

tests/test_brain.py

@@ -2,6 +2,10 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, MagicMock, patch
+
+import pytest
+
 from src.brain.gemini_client import GeminiClient
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -270,3 +274,97 @@ class TestBatchDecisionParsing:
 
         assert decisions["AAPL"].action == "HOLD"
         assert decisions["AAPL"].confidence == 0
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Prompt Override (used by pre_market_planner)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class TestPromptOverride:
+    """decide() must use prompt_override when present in market_data."""
+
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_prompt_override_is_sent_to_gemini(self, settings):
+        """When prompt_override is in market_data, it should be used as the prompt."""
+        client = GeminiClient(settings)
+
+        custom_prompt = "You are a playbook generator. Return JSON with scenarios."
+
+        mock_response = MagicMock()
+        mock_response.text = '{"action": "HOLD", "confidence": 50, "rationale": "test"}'
+
+        with patch.object(
+            client._client.aio.models,
+            "generate_content",
+            new_callable=AsyncMock,
+            return_value=mock_response,
+        ) as mock_generate:
+            market_data = {
+                "stock_code": "PLANNER",
+                "current_price": 0,
+                "prompt_override": custom_prompt,
+            }
+            await client.decide(market_data)
+
+            # Verify the custom prompt was sent, not a built prompt
+            mock_generate.assert_called_once()
+            actual_prompt = mock_generate.call_args[1].get(
+                "contents", mock_generate.call_args[0][1] if len(mock_generate.call_args[0]) > 1 else None
+            )
+            assert actual_prompt == custom_prompt
+
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_prompt_override_skips_optimization(self, settings):
+        """prompt_override should bypass prompt optimization."""
+        client = GeminiClient(settings)
+        client._enable_optimization = True
+
+        custom_prompt = "Custom playbook prompt"
+
+        mock_response = MagicMock()
+        mock_response.text = '{"action": "HOLD", "confidence": 50, "rationale": "ok"}'
+
+        with patch.object(
+            client._client.aio.models,
+            "generate_content",
+            new_callable=AsyncMock,
+            return_value=mock_response,
+        ) as mock_generate:
+            market_data = {
+                "stock_code": "PLANNER",
+                "current_price": 0,
+                "prompt_override": custom_prompt,
+            }
+            await client.decide(market_data)
+
+            actual_prompt = mock_generate.call_args[1].get(
+                "contents", mock_generate.call_args[0][1] if len(mock_generate.call_args[0]) > 1 else None
+            )
+            assert actual_prompt == custom_prompt
+
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_without_prompt_override_uses_build_prompt(self, settings):
+        """Without prompt_override, decide() should use build_prompt as before."""
+        client = GeminiClient(settings)
+
+        mock_response = MagicMock()
+        mock_response.text = '{"action": "HOLD", "confidence": 50, "rationale": "ok"}'
+
+        with patch.object(
+            client._client.aio.models,
+            "generate_content",
+            new_callable=AsyncMock,
+            return_value=mock_response,
+        ) as mock_generate:
+            market_data = {
+                "stock_code": "005930",
+                "current_price": 72000,
+            }
+            await client.decide(market_data)
+
+            actual_prompt = mock_generate.call_args[1].get(
+                "contents", mock_generate.call_args[0][1] if len(mock_generate.call_args[0]) > 1 else None
+            )
+            # Should contain stock code from build_prompt, not be a custom override
+            assert "005930" in actual_prompt

tests/test_broker.py

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import asyncio
-from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, patch
+from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, MagicMock, patch
 
 import pytest
 
@@ -296,3 +296,280 @@ class TestHashKey:
                 mock_acquire.assert_called_once()
 
         await broker.close()
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# fetch_market_rankings — TR_ID, path, params (issue #155)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def _make_ranking_mock(items: list[dict]) -> AsyncMock:
+    """Build a mock HTTP response returning ranking items."""
+    mock_resp = AsyncMock()
+    mock_resp.status = 200
+    mock_resp.json = AsyncMock(return_value={"output": items})
+    mock_resp.__aenter__ = AsyncMock(return_value=mock_resp)
+    mock_resp.__aexit__ = AsyncMock(return_value=False)
+    return mock_resp
+
+
+class TestFetchMarketRankings:
+    """Verify correct TR_ID, API path, and params per ranking_type (issue #155)."""
+
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def broker(self, settings) -> KISBroker:
+        b = KISBroker(settings)
+        b._access_token = "tok"
+        b._token_expires_at = float("inf")
+        b._rate_limiter.acquire = AsyncMock()
+        return b
+
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_volume_uses_correct_tr_id_and_path(self, broker: KISBroker) -> None:
+        mock_resp = _make_ranking_mock([])
+        with patch("aiohttp.ClientSession.get", return_value=mock_resp) as mock_get:
+            await broker.fetch_market_rankings(ranking_type="volume")
+
+        call_kwargs = mock_get.call_args
+        url = call_kwargs[0][0] if call_kwargs[0] else call_kwargs[1].get("url", "")
+        headers = call_kwargs[1].get("headers", {})
+        params = call_kwargs[1].get("params", {})
+
+        assert "volume-rank" in url
+        assert headers.get("tr_id") == "FHPST01710000"
+        assert params.get("FID_COND_SCR_DIV_CODE") == "20171"
+        assert params.get("FID_TRGT_EXLS_CLS_CODE") == "0000000000"
+
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_fluctuation_uses_correct_tr_id_and_path(self, broker: KISBroker) -> None:
+        mock_resp = _make_ranking_mock([])
+        with patch("aiohttp.ClientSession.get", return_value=mock_resp) as mock_get:
+            await broker.fetch_market_rankings(ranking_type="fluctuation")
+
+        call_kwargs = mock_get.call_args
+        url = call_kwargs[0][0] if call_kwargs[0] else call_kwargs[1].get("url", "")
+        headers = call_kwargs[1].get("headers", {})
+        params = call_kwargs[1].get("params", {})
+
+        assert "ranking/fluctuation" in url
+        assert headers.get("tr_id") == "FHPST01700000"
+        assert params.get("fid_cond_scr_div_code") == "20170"
+
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_volume_returns_parsed_rows(self, broker: KISBroker) -> None:
+        items = [
+            {
+                "mksc_shrn_iscd": "005930",
+                "hts_kor_isnm": "삼성전자",
+                "stck_prpr": "75000",
+                "acml_vol": "10000000",
+                "prdy_ctrt": "2.5",
+                "vol_inrt": "150",
+            }
+        ]
+        mock_resp = _make_ranking_mock(items)
+        with patch("aiohttp.ClientSession.get", return_value=mock_resp):
+            result = await broker.fetch_market_rankings(ranking_type="volume")
+
+        assert len(result) == 1
+        assert result[0]["stock_code"] == "005930"
+        assert result[0]["price"] == 75000.0
+        assert result[0]["change_rate"] == 2.5
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# KRX tick unit / round-down helpers (issue #157)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+from src.broker.kis_api import kr_tick_unit, kr_round_down  # noqa: E402
+
+
+class TestKrTickUnit:
+    """kr_tick_unit and kr_round_down must implement KRX price tick rules."""
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
+        "price, expected_tick",
+        [
+            (1999, 1),
+            (2000, 5),
+            (4999, 5),
+            (5000, 10),
+            (19999, 10),
+            (20000, 50),
+            (49999, 50),
+            (50000, 100),
+            (199999, 100),
+            (200000, 500),
+            (499999, 500),
+            (500000, 1000),
+            (1000000, 1000),
+        ],
+    )
+    def test_tick_unit_boundaries(self, price: int, expected_tick: int) -> None:
+        assert kr_tick_unit(price) == expected_tick
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
+        "price, expected_rounded",
+        [
+            (188150, 188100),   # 100원 단위, 50원 잔여 → 내림
+            (188100, 188100),   # 이미 정렬됨
+            (75050, 75000),     # 100원 단위, 50원 잔여 → 내림
+            (49950, 49950),     # 50원 단위 정렬됨
+            (49960, 49950),     # 50원 단위, 10원 잔여 → 내림
+            (1999, 1999),       # 1원 단위 → 그대로
+            (5003, 5000),       # 10원 단위, 3원 잔여 → 내림
+        ],
+    )
+    def test_round_down_to_tick(self, price: int, expected_rounded: int) -> None:
+        assert kr_round_down(price) == expected_rounded
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# get_current_price (issue #157)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class TestGetCurrentPrice:
+    """get_current_price must use inquire-price API and return (price, change, foreigner)."""
+
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def broker(self, settings) -> KISBroker:
+        b = KISBroker(settings)
+        b._access_token = "tok"
+        b._token_expires_at = float("inf")
+        b._rate_limiter.acquire = AsyncMock()
+        return b
+
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_returns_correct_fields(self, broker: KISBroker) -> None:
+        mock_resp = AsyncMock()
+        mock_resp.status = 200
+        mock_resp.json = AsyncMock(
+            return_value={
+                "rt_cd": "0",
+                "output": {
+                    "stck_prpr": "188600",
+                    "prdy_ctrt": "3.97",
+                    "frgn_ntby_qty": "12345",
+                },
+            }
+        )
+        mock_resp.__aenter__ = AsyncMock(return_value=mock_resp)
+        mock_resp.__aexit__ = AsyncMock(return_value=False)
+
+        with patch("aiohttp.ClientSession.get", return_value=mock_resp) as mock_get:
+            price, change_pct, foreigner = await broker.get_current_price("005930")
+
+        assert price == 188600.0
+        assert change_pct == 3.97
+        assert foreigner == 12345.0
+
+        call_kwargs = mock_get.call_args
+        url = call_kwargs[0][0] if call_kwargs[0] else call_kwargs[1].get("url", "")
+        headers = call_kwargs[1].get("headers", {})
+        assert "inquire-price" in url
+        assert headers.get("tr_id") == "FHKST01010100"
+
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_http_error_raises_connection_error(self, broker: KISBroker) -> None:
+        mock_resp = AsyncMock()
+        mock_resp.status = 500
+        mock_resp.text = AsyncMock(return_value="Internal Server Error")
+        mock_resp.__aenter__ = AsyncMock(return_value=mock_resp)
+        mock_resp.__aexit__ = AsyncMock(return_value=False)
+
+        with patch("aiohttp.ClientSession.get", return_value=mock_resp):
+            with pytest.raises(ConnectionError, match="get_current_price failed"):
+                await broker.get_current_price("005930")
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# send_order tick rounding and ORD_DVSN (issue #157)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class TestSendOrderTickRounding:
+    """send_order must apply KRX tick rounding and correct ORD_DVSN codes."""
+
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def broker(self, settings) -> KISBroker:
+        b = KISBroker(settings)
+        b._access_token = "tok"
+        b._token_expires_at = float("inf")
+        b._rate_limiter.acquire = AsyncMock()
+        return b
+
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_limit_order_rounds_down_to_tick(self, broker: KISBroker) -> None:
+        """Price 188150 (not on 100-won tick) must be rounded to 188100."""
+        mock_hash = AsyncMock()
+        mock_hash.status = 200
+        mock_hash.json = AsyncMock(return_value={"HASH": "h"})
+        mock_hash.__aenter__ = AsyncMock(return_value=mock_hash)
+        mock_hash.__aexit__ = AsyncMock(return_value=False)
+
+        mock_order = AsyncMock()
+        mock_order.status = 200
+        mock_order.json = AsyncMock(return_value={"rt_cd": "0"})
+        mock_order.__aenter__ = AsyncMock(return_value=mock_order)
+        mock_order.__aexit__ = AsyncMock(return_value=False)
+
+        with patch(
+            "aiohttp.ClientSession.post", side_effect=[mock_hash, mock_order]
+        ) as mock_post:
+            await broker.send_order("005930", "BUY", 1, price=188150)
+
+        order_call = mock_post.call_args_list[1]
+        body = order_call[1].get("json", {})
+        assert body["ORD_UNPR"] == "188100"  # rounded down
+        assert body["ORD_DVSN"] == "00"       # 지정가
+
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_limit_order_ord_dvsn_is_00(self, broker: KISBroker) -> None:
+        """send_order with price>0 must use ORD_DVSN='00' (지정가)."""
+        mock_hash = AsyncMock()
+        mock_hash.status = 200
+        mock_hash.json = AsyncMock(return_value={"HASH": "h"})
+        mock_hash.__aenter__ = AsyncMock(return_value=mock_hash)
+        mock_hash.__aexit__ = AsyncMock(return_value=False)
+
+        mock_order = AsyncMock()
+        mock_order.status = 200
+        mock_order.json = AsyncMock(return_value={"rt_cd": "0"})
+        mock_order.__aenter__ = AsyncMock(return_value=mock_order)
+        mock_order.__aexit__ = AsyncMock(return_value=False)
+
+        with patch(
+            "aiohttp.ClientSession.post", side_effect=[mock_hash, mock_order]
+        ) as mock_post:
+            await broker.send_order("005930", "BUY", 1, price=50000)
+
+        order_call = mock_post.call_args_list[1]
+        body = order_call[1].get("json", {})
+        assert body["ORD_DVSN"] == "00"
+
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_market_order_ord_dvsn_is_01(self, broker: KISBroker) -> None:
+        """send_order with price=0 must use ORD_DVSN='01' (시장가)."""
+        mock_hash = AsyncMock()
+        mock_hash.status = 200
+        mock_hash.json = AsyncMock(return_value={"HASH": "h"})
+        mock_hash.__aenter__ = AsyncMock(return_value=mock_hash)
+        mock_hash.__aexit__ = AsyncMock(return_value=False)
+
+        mock_order = AsyncMock()
+        mock_order.status = 200
+        mock_order.json = AsyncMock(return_value={"rt_cd": "0"})
+        mock_order.__aenter__ = AsyncMock(return_value=mock_order)
+        mock_order.__aexit__ = AsyncMock(return_value=False)
+
+        with patch(
+            "aiohttp.ClientSession.post", side_effect=[mock_hash, mock_order]
+        ) as mock_post:
+            await broker.send_order("005930", "SELL", 1, price=0)
+
+        order_call = mock_post.call_args_list[1]
+        body = order_call[1].get("json", {})
+        assert body["ORD_DVSN"] == "01"
+        assert body["ORD_UNPR"] == "0"

tests/test_dashboard.py

@@ -296,3 +296,23 @@ def test_scenarios_active_empty_when_no_matches(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
     get_active_scenarios = _endpoint(app, "/api/scenarios/active")
     body = get_active_scenarios(market="US", date_str="2026-02-14", limit=50)
     assert body["count"] == 0
+
+
+def test_pnl_history_all_markets(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    app = _app(tmp_path)
+    get_pnl_history = _endpoint(app, "/api/pnl/history")
+    body = get_pnl_history(days=30, market="all")
+    assert body["market"] == "all"
+    assert isinstance(body["labels"], list)
+    assert isinstance(body["pnl"], list)
+    assert len(body["labels"]) == len(body["pnl"])
+
+
+def test_pnl_history_market_filter(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    app = _app(tmp_path)
+    get_pnl_history = _endpoint(app, "/api/pnl/history")
+    body = get_pnl_history(days=30, market="KR")
+    assert body["market"] == "KR"
+    # KR has 1 trade with pnl=2.0
+    assert len(body["labels"]) >= 1
+    assert body["pnl"][0] == 2.0

tests/test_main.py

@@ -111,15 +111,7 @@ class TestTradingCycleTelegramIntegration:
     def mock_broker(self) -> MagicMock:
         """Create mock broker."""
         broker = MagicMock()
-        broker.get_orderbook = AsyncMock(
+        broker.get_current_price = AsyncMock(return_value=(50000.0, 1.23, 100.0))
-            return_value={
-                "output1": {
-                    "stck_prpr": "50000",
-                    "frgn_ntby_qty": "100",
-                    "prdy_ctrt": "1.23",
-                }
-            }
-        )
         broker.get_balance = AsyncMock(
             return_value={
                 "output2": [
@@ -738,6 +730,83 @@ class TestOverseasBalanceParsing:
         # Verify price API was called
         mock_overseas_broker_with_empty_price.get_overseas_price.assert_called_once()
 
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def mock_overseas_broker_with_buy_scenario(self) -> MagicMock:
+        """Create mock overseas broker that returns a valid price for BUY orders."""
+        broker = MagicMock()
+        broker.get_overseas_price = AsyncMock(
+            return_value={"output": {"last": "182.50"}}
+        )
+        broker.get_overseas_balance = AsyncMock(
+            return_value={
+                "output2": [
+                    {
+                        "frcr_evlu_tota": "100000.00",
+                        "frcr_dncl_amt_2": "50000.00",
+                        "frcr_buy_amt_smtl": "50000.00",
+                    }
+                ]
+            }
+        )
+        broker.send_overseas_order = AsyncMock(return_value={"msg1": "주문접수"})
+        return broker
+
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def mock_scenario_engine_buy(self) -> MagicMock:
+        """Create mock scenario engine that returns BUY."""
+        engine = MagicMock(spec=ScenarioEngine)
+        engine.evaluate = MagicMock(return_value=_make_buy_match("AAPL"))
+        return engine
+
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_overseas_buy_order_uses_limit_price(
+        self,
+        mock_domestic_broker: MagicMock,
+        mock_overseas_broker_with_buy_scenario: MagicMock,
+        mock_scenario_engine_buy: MagicMock,
+        mock_playbook: DayPlaybook,
+        mock_risk: MagicMock,
+        mock_db: MagicMock,
+        mock_decision_logger: MagicMock,
+        mock_context_store: MagicMock,
+        mock_criticality_assessor: MagicMock,
+        mock_telegram: MagicMock,
+        mock_overseas_market: MagicMock,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Overseas BUY order must use current_price (limit), not 0 (market).
+
+        KIS VTS rejects market orders for overseas paper trading.
+        Regression test for issue #149.
+        """
+        mock_telegram.notify_trade_execution = AsyncMock()
+
+        with patch("src.main.log_trade"):
+            await trading_cycle(
+                broker=mock_domestic_broker,
+                overseas_broker=mock_overseas_broker_with_buy_scenario,
+                scenario_engine=mock_scenario_engine_buy,
+                playbook=mock_playbook,
+                risk=mock_risk,
+                db_conn=mock_db,
+                decision_logger=mock_decision_logger,
+                context_store=mock_context_store,
+                criticality_assessor=mock_criticality_assessor,
+                telegram=mock_telegram,
+                market=mock_overseas_market,
+                stock_code="AAPL",
+                scan_candidates={},
+            )
+
+        # Verify limit order was sent with actual price + 0.5% premium (issue #151), not 0.0
+        mock_overseas_broker_with_buy_scenario.send_overseas_order.assert_called_once()
+        call_kwargs = mock_overseas_broker_with_buy_scenario.send_overseas_order.call_args
+        sent_price = call_kwargs[1].get("price") or call_kwargs[0][4]
+        expected_price = round(182.5 * 1.005, 4)  # 0.5% premium for BUY limit orders
+        assert sent_price == expected_price, (
+            f"Expected limit price {expected_price} (182.5 * 1.005) but got {sent_price}. "
+            "KIS VTS only accepts limit orders; BUY uses 0.5% premium to improve fill rate."
+        )
+
 
 class TestScenarioEngineIntegration:
     """Test scenario engine integration in trading_cycle."""
@@ -746,11 +815,7 @@ class TestScenarioEngineIntegration:
     def mock_broker(self) -> MagicMock:
         """Create mock broker with standard domestic data."""
         broker = MagicMock()
-        broker.get_orderbook = AsyncMock(
+        broker.get_current_price = AsyncMock(return_value=(50000.0, 2.50, 100.0))
-            return_value={
-                "output1": {"stck_prpr": "50000", "frgn_ntby_qty": "100", "prdy_ctrt": "2.50"}
-            }
-        )
         broker.get_balance = AsyncMock(
             return_value={
                 "output2": [
@@ -1172,9 +1237,7 @@ async def test_sell_updates_original_buy_decision_outcome() -> None:
     )
 
     broker = MagicMock()
-    broker.get_orderbook = AsyncMock(
+    broker.get_current_price = AsyncMock(return_value=(120.0, 0.0, 0.0))
-        return_value={"output1": {"stck_prpr": "120", "frgn_ntby_qty": "0"}}
-    )
     broker.get_balance = AsyncMock(
         return_value={
             "output2": [
@@ -1264,9 +1327,7 @@ async def test_hold_overridden_to_sell_when_stop_loss_triggered() -> None:
     )
 
     broker = MagicMock()
-    broker.get_orderbook = AsyncMock(
+    broker.get_current_price = AsyncMock(return_value=(95.0, -5.0, 0.0))
-        return_value={"output1": {"stck_prpr": "95", "frgn_ntby_qty": "0", "prdy_ctrt": "-5.0"}}
-    )
     broker.get_balance = AsyncMock(
         return_value={
             "output2": [

tests/test_overseas_broker.py

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import aiohttp
 import pytest
 
 from src.broker.kis_api import KISBroker
-from src.broker.overseas import OverseasBroker, _RANKING_EXCHANGE_MAP
+from src.broker.overseas import OverseasBroker, _PRICE_EXCHANGE_MAP, _RANKING_EXCHANGE_MAP
 from src.config import Settings
 
 
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ class TestGetOverseasPrice:
 
         call_args = mock_session.get.call_args
         params = call_args[1]["params"]
-        assert params["EXCD"] == "NASD"
+        assert params["EXCD"] == "NAS"  # NASD → NAS via _PRICE_EXCHANGE_MAP
         assert params["SYMB"] == "AAPL"
 
     @pytest.mark.asyncio
@@ -519,3 +519,125 @@ class TestExtractRankingRows:
     def test_filters_non_dict_rows(self, overseas_broker: OverseasBroker) -> None:
         data = {"output": [{"a": 1}, "invalid", {"b": 2}]}
         assert overseas_broker._extract_ranking_rows(data) == [{"a": 1}, {"b": 2}]
+
+
+class TestPriceExchangeMap:
+    """Test _PRICE_EXCHANGE_MAP is applied in get_overseas_price (issue #151)."""
+
+    def test_price_map_equals_ranking_map(self) -> None:
+        assert _PRICE_EXCHANGE_MAP is _RANKING_EXCHANGE_MAP
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("original,expected", [
+        ("NASD", "NAS"),
+        ("NYSE", "NYS"),
+        ("AMEX", "AMS"),
+    ])
+    def test_us_exchange_code_mapping(self, original: str, expected: str) -> None:
+        assert _PRICE_EXCHANGE_MAP[original] == expected
+
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_get_overseas_price_sends_mapped_code(
+        self, overseas_broker: OverseasBroker
+    ) -> None:
+        """NASD → NAS must be sent to HHDFS00000300."""
+        mock_resp = AsyncMock()
+        mock_resp.status = 200
+        mock_resp.json = AsyncMock(return_value={"output": {"last": "200.00"}})
+
+        mock_session = MagicMock()
+        mock_session.get = MagicMock(return_value=_make_async_cm(mock_resp))
+        _setup_broker_mocks(overseas_broker, mock_session)
+
+        await overseas_broker.get_overseas_price("NASD", "AAPL")
+
+        params = mock_session.get.call_args[1]["params"]
+        assert params["EXCD"] == "NAS"
+
+
+class TestOrderRtCdCheck:
+    """Test that send_overseas_order checks rt_cd and logs accordingly (issue #151)."""
+
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def overseas_broker(self, mock_settings: Settings) -> OverseasBroker:
+        broker = MagicMock(spec=KISBroker)
+        broker._settings = mock_settings
+        broker._account_no = "12345678"
+        broker._product_cd = "01"
+        broker._base_url = "https://openapivts.koreainvestment.com:9443"
+        broker._rate_limiter = AsyncMock()
+        broker._rate_limiter.acquire = AsyncMock()
+        broker._auth_headers = AsyncMock(return_value={"authorization": "Bearer t"})
+        broker._get_hash_key = AsyncMock(return_value="hashval")
+        return OverseasBroker(broker)
+
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_success_rt_cd_returns_data(
+        self, overseas_broker: OverseasBroker
+    ) -> None:
+        """rt_cd='0' → order accepted, data returned."""
+        mock_resp = AsyncMock()
+        mock_resp.status = 200
+        mock_resp.json = AsyncMock(return_value={"rt_cd": "0", "msg1": "완료"})
+
+        mock_session = MagicMock()
+        mock_session.post = MagicMock(return_value=_make_async_cm(mock_resp))
+        overseas_broker._broker._get_session = MagicMock(return_value=mock_session)
+
+        result = await overseas_broker.send_overseas_order("NASD", "AAPL", "BUY", 10, price=150.0)
+        assert result["rt_cd"] == "0"
+
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_error_rt_cd_returns_data_with_msg(
+        self, overseas_broker: OverseasBroker
+    ) -> None:
+        """rt_cd != '0' → order rejected, data still returned (caller checks rt_cd)."""
+        mock_resp = AsyncMock()
+        mock_resp.status = 200
+        mock_resp.json = AsyncMock(
+            return_value={"rt_cd": "1", "msg1": "주문가능금액이 부족합니다."}
+        )
+
+        mock_session = MagicMock()
+        mock_session.post = MagicMock(return_value=_make_async_cm(mock_resp))
+        overseas_broker._broker._get_session = MagicMock(return_value=mock_session)
+
+        result = await overseas_broker.send_overseas_order("NASD", "AAPL", "BUY", 10, price=150.0)
+        assert result["rt_cd"] == "1"
+        assert "부족" in result["msg1"]
+
+
+class TestPaperOverseasCash:
+    """Test PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH config setting (issue #151)."""
+
+    def test_default_value(self) -> None:
+        settings = Settings(
+            KIS_APP_KEY="k",
+            KIS_APP_SECRET="s",
+            KIS_ACCOUNT_NO="12345678-01",
+            GEMINI_API_KEY="g",
+        )
+        assert settings.PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH == 50000.0
+
+    def test_env_override(self) -> None:
+        import os
+        os.environ["PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH"] = "25000"
+        settings = Settings(
+            KIS_APP_KEY="k",
+            KIS_APP_SECRET="s",
+            KIS_ACCOUNT_NO="12345678-01",
+            GEMINI_API_KEY="g",
+        )
+        assert settings.PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH == 25000.0
+        del os.environ["PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH"]
+
+    def test_zero_disables_fallback(self) -> None:
+        import os
+        os.environ["PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH"] = "0"
+        settings = Settings(
+            KIS_APP_KEY="k",
+            KIS_APP_SECRET="s",
+            KIS_ACCOUNT_NO="12345678-01",
+            GEMINI_API_KEY="g",
+        )
+        assert settings.PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH == 0.0
+        del os.environ["PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH"]

tests/test_pre_market_planner.py

@@ -164,18 +164,23 @@ class TestGeneratePlaybook:
         assert pb.market_outlook == MarketOutlook.NEUTRAL
 
     @pytest.mark.asyncio
-    async def test_gemini_failure_returns_defensive(self) -> None:
+    async def test_gemini_failure_returns_smart_fallback(self) -> None:
         planner = _make_planner()
         planner._gemini.decide = AsyncMock(side_effect=RuntimeError("API timeout"))
+        # oversold candidate (signal="oversold", rsi=28.5)
         candidates = [_candidate()]
 
         pb = await planner.generate_playbook("KR", candidates, today=date(2026, 2, 8))
 
         assert pb.default_action == ScenarioAction.HOLD
-        assert pb.market_outlook == MarketOutlook.NEUTRAL_TO_BEARISH
+        # Smart fallback uses NEUTRAL outlook (not NEUTRAL_TO_BEARISH)
+        assert pb.market_outlook == MarketOutlook.NEUTRAL
         assert pb.stock_count == 1
-        # Defensive playbook has stop-loss scenarios
+        # Oversold candidate → first scenario is BUY, second is SELL stop-loss
-        assert pb.stock_playbooks[0].scenarios[0].action == ScenarioAction.SELL
+        scenarios = pb.stock_playbooks[0].scenarios
+        assert scenarios[0].action == ScenarioAction.BUY
+        assert scenarios[0].condition.rsi_below == 30
+        assert scenarios[1].action == ScenarioAction.SELL
 
     @pytest.mark.asyncio
     async def test_gemini_failure_empty_when_defensive_disabled(self) -> None:
@@ -657,3 +662,171 @@ class TestDefensivePlaybook:
         assert pb.stock_count == 0
         assert pb.market == "US"
         assert pb.market_outlook == MarketOutlook.NEUTRAL
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Smart fallback playbook
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class TestSmartFallbackPlaybook:
+    """Tests for _smart_fallback_playbook — rule-based BUY/SELL on Gemini failure."""
+
+    def _make_settings(self) -> Settings:
+        return Settings(
+            KIS_APP_KEY="test",
+            KIS_APP_SECRET="test",
+            KIS_ACCOUNT_NO="12345678-01",
+            GEMINI_API_KEY="test",
+            RSI_OVERSOLD_THRESHOLD=30,
+            VOL_MULTIPLIER=2.0,
+        )
+
+    def test_momentum_candidate_gets_buy_on_volume(self) -> None:
+        candidates = [
+            _candidate(code="CHOW", signal="momentum", volume_ratio=13.64, rsi=100.0)
+        ]
+        settings = self._make_settings()
+
+        pb = PreMarketPlanner._smart_fallback_playbook(
+            date(2026, 2, 17), "US_AMEX", candidates, settings
+        )
+
+        assert pb.stock_count == 1
+        sp = pb.stock_playbooks[0]
+        assert sp.stock_code == "CHOW"
+        # First scenario: BUY with volume_ratio_above
+        buy_sc = sp.scenarios[0]
+        assert buy_sc.action == ScenarioAction.BUY
+        assert buy_sc.condition.volume_ratio_above == 2.0
+        assert buy_sc.condition.rsi_below is None
+        assert buy_sc.confidence == 80
+        # Second scenario: stop-loss SELL
+        sell_sc = sp.scenarios[1]
+        assert sell_sc.action == ScenarioAction.SELL
+        assert sell_sc.condition.price_change_pct_below == -3.0
+
+    def test_oversold_candidate_gets_buy_on_rsi(self) -> None:
+        candidates = [
+            _candidate(code="005930", signal="oversold", rsi=22.0, volume_ratio=3.5)
+        ]
+        settings = self._make_settings()
+
+        pb = PreMarketPlanner._smart_fallback_playbook(
+            date(2026, 2, 17), "KR", candidates, settings
+        )
+
+        sp = pb.stock_playbooks[0]
+        buy_sc = sp.scenarios[0]
+        assert buy_sc.action == ScenarioAction.BUY
+        assert buy_sc.condition.rsi_below == 30
+        assert buy_sc.condition.volume_ratio_above is None
+
+    def test_all_candidates_have_stop_loss_sell(self) -> None:
+        candidates = [
+            _candidate(code="AAA", signal="momentum", volume_ratio=5.0),
+            _candidate(code="BBB", signal="oversold", rsi=25.0),
+        ]
+        settings = self._make_settings()
+
+        pb = PreMarketPlanner._smart_fallback_playbook(
+            date(2026, 2, 17), "US_NASDAQ", candidates, settings
+        )
+
+        assert pb.stock_count == 2
+        for sp in pb.stock_playbooks:
+            sell_scenarios = [s for s in sp.scenarios if s.action == ScenarioAction.SELL]
+            assert len(sell_scenarios) == 1
+            assert sell_scenarios[0].condition.price_change_pct_below == -3.0
+            assert sell_scenarios[0].condition.price_change_pct_below == -3.0
+
+    def test_market_outlook_is_neutral(self) -> None:
+        candidates = [_candidate(signal="momentum", volume_ratio=5.0)]
+        settings = self._make_settings()
+
+        pb = PreMarketPlanner._smart_fallback_playbook(
+            date(2026, 2, 17), "US_AMEX", candidates, settings
+        )
+
+        assert pb.market_outlook == MarketOutlook.NEUTRAL
+
+    def test_default_action_is_hold(self) -> None:
+        candidates = [_candidate(signal="momentum", volume_ratio=5.0)]
+        settings = self._make_settings()
+
+        pb = PreMarketPlanner._smart_fallback_playbook(
+            date(2026, 2, 17), "US_AMEX", candidates, settings
+        )
+
+        assert pb.default_action == ScenarioAction.HOLD
+
+    def test_has_global_reduce_all_rule(self) -> None:
+        candidates = [_candidate(signal="momentum", volume_ratio=5.0)]
+        settings = self._make_settings()
+
+        pb = PreMarketPlanner._smart_fallback_playbook(
+            date(2026, 2, 17), "US_AMEX", candidates, settings
+        )
+
+        assert len(pb.global_rules) == 1
+        rule = pb.global_rules[0]
+        assert rule.action == ScenarioAction.REDUCE_ALL
+        assert "portfolio_pnl_pct" in rule.condition
+
+    def test_empty_candidates_returns_empty_playbook(self) -> None:
+        settings = self._make_settings()
+
+        pb = PreMarketPlanner._smart_fallback_playbook(
+            date(2026, 2, 17), "US_AMEX", [], settings
+        )
+
+        assert pb.stock_count == 0
+
+    def test_vol_multiplier_applied_from_settings(self) -> None:
+        """VOL_MULTIPLIER=3.0 should set volume_ratio_above=3.0 for momentum."""
+        candidates = [_candidate(signal="momentum", volume_ratio=5.0)]
+        settings = self._make_settings()
+        settings = settings.model_copy(update={"VOL_MULTIPLIER": 3.0})
+
+        pb = PreMarketPlanner._smart_fallback_playbook(
+            date(2026, 2, 17), "US_AMEX", candidates, settings
+        )
+
+        buy_sc = pb.stock_playbooks[0].scenarios[0]
+        assert buy_sc.condition.volume_ratio_above == 3.0
+
+    def test_rsi_oversold_threshold_applied_from_settings(self) -> None:
+        """RSI_OVERSOLD_THRESHOLD=25 should set rsi_below=25 for oversold."""
+        candidates = [_candidate(signal="oversold", rsi=22.0)]
+        settings = self._make_settings()
+        settings = settings.model_copy(update={"RSI_OVERSOLD_THRESHOLD": 25})
+
+        pb = PreMarketPlanner._smart_fallback_playbook(
+            date(2026, 2, 17), "KR", candidates, settings
+        )
+
+        buy_sc = pb.stock_playbooks[0].scenarios[0]
+        assert buy_sc.condition.rsi_below == 25
+
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_generate_playbook_uses_smart_fallback_on_gemini_error(self) -> None:
+        """generate_playbook() should use smart fallback (not defensive) on API failure."""
+        planner = _make_planner()
+        planner._gemini.decide = AsyncMock(side_effect=ConnectionError("429 quota exceeded"))
+        # momentum candidate
+        candidates = [
+            _candidate(code="CHOW", signal="momentum", volume_ratio=13.64, rsi=100.0)
+        ]
+
+        pb = await planner.generate_playbook(
+            "US_AMEX", candidates, today=date(2026, 2, 18)
+        )
+
+        # Should NOT be all-SELL defensive; should have BUY for momentum
+        assert pb.stock_count == 1
+        buy_scenarios = [
+            s for s in pb.stock_playbooks[0].scenarios
+            if s.action == ScenarioAction.BUY
+        ]
+        assert len(buy_scenarios) == 1
+        assert buy_scenarios[0].condition.volume_ratio_above == 2.0  # VOL_MULTIPLIER default