fix: lazy session resolver and one-time session_id backfill

docs/ouroboros/40_acceptance_and_test_plan.md

@@ -43,6 +43,11 @@ Updated: 2026-02-26
 - 기존 `tests/` 스위트 전량 실행
 - 신규 기능 플래그 ON/OFF 비교
 
+4. 구동/모니터링 검증 (필수)
+- 개발 완료 후 시스템을 실제 구동해 핵심 경로를 관찰
+- 필수 관찰 항목: 주문 차단 정책, Kill Switch 동작, 경보/예외 로그, 세션 전환 로그
+- Runtime Verifier 코멘트로 증적(실행 명령/요약 로그) 첨부
+
 ## 실행 명령
 
 ```bash
@@ -55,3 +60,4 @@ python3 scripts/validate_ouroboros_docs.py
 - 문서 검증 실패 시 구현 PR 병합 금지
 - `REQ-*` 변경 후 테스트 매핑 누락 시 병합 금지
 - 회귀 실패 시 원인 모듈 분리 후 재검증
+- 구동/모니터링 증적 누락 시 검증 승인 금지

docs/ouroboros/50_tpm_control_protocol.md

@@ -17,11 +17,16 @@ Updated: 2026-02-26
 
 - Main Agent: 최종 취합/우선순위/승인 게이트 오너
 - PM Agent: 시나리오/요구사항/티켓 관리
-- TPM Agent: PM-Dev-검증 간 구현 가능성/달성률 통제
+- TPM Agent: PM-Dev-검증 간 구현 가능성/달성률 통제, 티켓 등록 및 구현 우선순위 지정 오너
 - Dev Agent: 구현 수행, 블로커 발생 시 재계획 요청
 - Verifier Agent: 문서/코드/테스트 산출물 검증
 - Runtime Verifier Agent: 실제 동작 모니터링, 이상 징후 이슈 발행, 수정 후 이슈 클로즈 판정
 
+Main Agent 아이디에이션 책임:
+- 진행 중 신규 구현 아이디어를 별도 문서에 누적 기록한다.
+- 기록 위치: [70_main_agent_ideation.md](./70_main_agent_ideation.md)
+- 각 항목은 `IDEA-*` 식별자, 배경, 기대효과, 리스크, 후속 티켓 후보를 포함해야 한다.
+
 ## Main Decision Checkpoints (Mandatory)
 
 - DCP-01 범위 확정: Phase 0 종료 전 Main Agent 승인 필수
@@ -140,6 +145,16 @@ Control checks:
   - Main Agent 승인 없는 재계획은 실행 금지
   - 재계획 반영 시 문서(`REQ/TASK/TEST`) 동시 갱신 필수
 
+TPM 티켓 운영 규칙:
+- TPM은 합의된 변경을 이슈로 등록하고 우선순위(`P0/P1/P2`)를 지정한다.
+- PR 본문에는 TPM이 지정한 우선순위와 범위가 그대로 반영되어야 한다.
+- 우선순위 변경은 TPM 제안 + Main Agent 승인으로만 가능하다.
+- PM/TPM/Dev/Reviewer/Verifier/Runtime Verifier는 주요 의사결정 시점마다 PR 코멘트를 남겨 결정 근거를 추적 가능 상태로 유지한다.
+
+브랜치 운영 규칙:
+- TPM은 각 티켓에 대해 `ticket temp branch -> program feature branch` PR 경로를 지정한다.
+- 티켓 머지 대상은 항상 program feature branch이며, `main`은 최종 통합 단계에서만 사용한다.
+
 ## Runtime Verification Protocol
 
 - Runtime Verifier는 테스트 통과 이후 실제 동작(스테이징/실운영)을 모니터링한다.
@@ -149,6 +164,16 @@ Control checks:
 - 이슈 클로즈 규칙:
   - Dev 수정 완료 + Verifier 재검증 통과 + Runtime Verifier 재관측 정상
   - 최종 클로즈 승인자는 Main Agent
+- 개발 완료 필수 절차:
+  - 시스템 실제 구동(스테이징/로컬 실운영 모드) 실행
+  - 모니터링 체크리스트(핵심 경보/주문 경로/예외 로그) 수행
+  - 결과를 티켓/PR 코멘트에 증적으로 첨부하지 않으면 완료로 간주하지 않음
+
+## Server Reflection Rule
+
+- `ticket temp branch -> program feature branch` 머지는 검증 승인 후 자동/수동 진행 가능하다.
+- `program feature branch -> main` 머지는 사용자 명시 승인 시에만 허용한다.
+- Main 병합 시 Main Agent가 승인 근거를 PR 코멘트에 기록한다.
 
 ## Acceptance Matrix (PM Scenario -> Dev Tasks -> Verifier Checks)
 

docs/ouroboros/60_repo_enforcement_checklist.md

@@ -50,10 +50,13 @@ Updated: 2026-02-26
 - PR 본문에 `REQ-*`, `TASK-*`, `TEST-*` 매핑 표 존재
 - `src/core/risk_manager.py` 변경 없음
 - 주요 의사결정 체크포인트(DCP-01~04) 중 해당 단계 Main Agent 확인 기록 존재
+- 주요 의사결정(리뷰 지적/수정 합의/검증 승인)에 대한 에이전트 PR 코멘트 존재
+- 티켓 PR의 base가 `main`이 아닌 program feature branch인지 확인
 
 자동 점검:
 - 문서 검증 스크립트 통과
 - 테스트 통과
+- 개발 완료 시 시스템 구동/모니터링 증적 코멘트 존재
 
 ## 5) 감사 추적
 
@@ -86,3 +89,15 @@ Updated: 2026-02-26
 - Dev가 `REPLAN-REQUEST` 발행 시 TPM 심사 없이는 스코프/일정 변경 금지
 - `REPLAN-REQUEST`는 Main Agent 승인 전 \"제안\" 상태로 유지
 - 승인된 재계획은 `REQ/TASK/TEST` 문서를 동시 갱신해야 유효
+
+## 9) 서버 반영 규칙
+
+- 티켓 PR(`feature/issue-* -> feature/{stream}`)은 검증 승인 후 머지 가능하다.
+- 최종 통합 PR(`feature/{stream} -> main`)은 사용자 명시 승인 전 `tea pulls merge` 실행 금지.
+- Main 병합 시 승인 근거 코멘트 필수.
+
+## 10) 최종 main 병합 조건
+
+- 모든 티켓이 program feature branch로 병합 완료
+- Runtime Verifier의 구동/모니터링 검증 완료
+- 사용자 최종 승인 코멘트 확인 후에만 `feature -> main` PR 머지 허용

docs/ouroboros/70_main_agent_ideation.md

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+<!--
+Doc-ID: DOC-IDEA-001
+Version: 1.0.0
+Status: active
+Owner: main-agent
+Updated: 2026-02-26
+-->
+
+# 메인 에이전트 아이디에이션 백로그
+
+목적:
+- 구현 진행 중 떠오른 신규 구현 아이디어를 계획 반영 전 임시 저장한다.
+- 본 문서는 사용자 검토 후 다음 계획 포함 여부를 결정하기 위한 검토 큐다.
+
+운영 규칙:
+- 각 아이디어는 `IDEA-*` 식별자를 사용한다.
+- 필수 필드: 배경, 기대효과, 리스크, 후속 티켓 후보.
+- 상태는 `proposed`, `under-review`, `accepted`, `rejected` 중 하나를 사용한다.
+
+## 아이디어 목록
+
+- `IDEA-001` (status: proposed)
+  - 제목: Kill-Switch 전역 상태를 프로세스 단일 전역에서 시장/세션 단위 상태로 분리
+  - 배경: 현재는 전역 block 플래그 기반이라 시장별 분리 제어가 제한될 수 있음
+  - 기대효과: KR/US 병행 운용 시 한 시장 장애가 다른 시장 주문을 불필요하게 막는 리스크 축소
+  - 리스크: 상태 동기화 복잡도 증가, 테스트 케이스 확장 필요
+  - 후속 티켓 후보: `TKT-P1-KS-SCOPE-SPLIT`
+
+- `IDEA-002` (status: proposed)
+  - 제목: Exit Engine 입력 계약(ATR/peak/model_prob/liquidity) 표준 DTO를 데이터 파이프라인에 고정
+  - 배경: 현재 ATR/모델확률 일부가 fallback 기반이라 운영 일관성이 약함
+  - 기대효과: 백테스트-실거래 입력 동형성 강화, 회귀 분석 용이
+  - 리스크: 기존 스캐너/시나리오 엔진 연동 작업량 증가
+  - 후속 티켓 후보: `TKT-P1-EXIT-CONTRACT`
+
+- `IDEA-003` (status: proposed)
+  - 제목: Runtime Verifier 자동 이슈 생성기(로그 패턴 -> 이슈 템플릿 자동화)
+  - 배경: 런타임 이상 리포트가 수동 작성 중심이라 누락 가능성 존재
+  - 기대효과: 이상 탐지 후 이슈 등록 리드타임 단축, 증적 표준화
+  - 리스크: 오탐 이슈 폭증 가능성, 필터링 룰 필요
+  - 후속 티켓 후보: `TKT-P1-RUNTIME-AUTO-ISSUE`
+
+- `IDEA-004` (status: proposed)
+  - 제목: PR 코멘트 워크플로우 자동 점검(리뷰어->개발논의->검증승인 누락 차단)
+  - 배경: 현재 절차는 강력하지만 수행 확인이 수동
+  - 기대효과: 절차 누락 방지, 감사 추적 자동화
+  - 리스크: CLI/API 연동 유지보수 비용
+  - 후속 티켓 후보: `TKT-P0-WORKFLOW-GUARD`

docs/ouroboros/README.md

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ Updated: 2026-02-26
 7. PM 시나리오/이슈 분류: [50_scenario_matrix_and_issue_taxonomy.md](./50_scenario_matrix_and_issue_taxonomy.md)
 8. TPM 제어 프로토콜/수용 매트릭스: [50_tpm_control_protocol.md](./50_tpm_control_protocol.md)
 9. 저장소 강제 설정 체크리스트: [60_repo_enforcement_checklist.md](./60_repo_enforcement_checklist.md)
+10. 메인 에이전트 아이디에이션 백로그: [70_main_agent_ideation.md](./70_main_agent_ideation.md)
 
 ## 운영 규칙
 

docs/workflow.md

@@ -5,14 +5,25 @@
 **CRITICAL: All code changes MUST follow this workflow. Direct pushes to `main` are ABSOLUTELY PROHIBITED.**
 
 1. **Create Gitea Issue First** — All features, bug fixes, and policy changes require a Gitea issue before any code is written
-2. **Create Feature Branch** — Branch from `main` using format `feature/issue-{N}-{short-description}`
+2. **Create Program Feature Branch** — Branch from `main` for the whole development stream
-   - After creating the branch, run `git pull origin main` and rebase to ensure the branch is up to date
+   - Format: `feature/{epic-or-stream-name}`
-3. **Implement Changes** — Write code, tests, and documentation on the feature branch
+3. **Create Ticket Temp Branch** — Branch from the program feature branch per ticket
-4. **Create Pull Request** — Submit PR to `main` branch referencing the issue number
+   - Format: `feature/issue-{N}-{short-description}`
-5. **Review & Merge** — After approval, merge via PR (squash or merge commit)
+4. **Implement Per Ticket** — Write code, tests, and documentation on the ticket temp branch
+5. **Create Pull Request to Program Feature Branch** — `feature/issue-N-* -> feature/{stream}`
+6. **Review/Verify and Merge into Program Feature Branch** — user approval not required
+7. **Final Integration PR to main** — Only after all ticket stages complete and explicit user approval
 
 **Never commit directly to `main`.** This policy applies to all changes, no exceptions.
 
+## Branch Strategy (Mandatory)
+
+- Team operation default branch is the **program feature branch**, not `main`.
+- Ticket-level development happens only on **ticket temp branches** cut from the program feature branch.
+- Ticket PR merges into program feature branch are allowed after verifier approval.
+- Until final user sign-off, `main` merge is prohibited.
+- 각 에이전트는 주요 의사결정(리뷰 지적, 수정 방향, 검증 승인)마다 PR 코멘트를 적극 작성해 의사결정 과정을 남긴다.
+
 ## Gitea CLI Formatting Troubleshooting
 
 Issue/PR 본문 작성 시 줄바꿈(`\n`)이 문자열 그대로 저장되는 문제가 반복될 수 있다. 원인은 `-d "...\n..."` 형태에서 쉘/CLI가 이스케이프를 실제 개행으로 해석하지 않기 때문이다.

src/analysis/backtest_cost_guard.py

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+"""Backtest cost/slippage/failure validation guard."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+import math
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class BacktestCostModel:
+    commission_bps: float | None = None
+    slippage_bps_by_session: dict[str, float] | None = None
+    failure_rate_by_session: dict[str, float] | None = None
+    unfavorable_fill_required: bool = True
+
+
+def validate_backtest_cost_model(
+    *,
+    model: BacktestCostModel,
+    required_sessions: list[str],
+) -> None:
+    """Raise ValueError when required cost assumptions are missing/invalid."""
+    if (
+        model.commission_bps is None
+        or not math.isfinite(model.commission_bps)
+        or model.commission_bps < 0
+    ):
+        raise ValueError("commission_bps must be provided and >= 0")
+    if not model.unfavorable_fill_required:
+        raise ValueError("unfavorable_fill_required must be True")
+
+    slippage = model.slippage_bps_by_session or {}
+    failure = model.failure_rate_by_session or {}
+
+    missing_slippage = [s for s in required_sessions if s not in slippage]
+    if missing_slippage:
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"missing slippage_bps_by_session for sessions: {', '.join(missing_slippage)}"
+        )
+
+    missing_failure = [s for s in required_sessions if s not in failure]
+    if missing_failure:
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"missing failure_rate_by_session for sessions: {', '.join(missing_failure)}"
+        )
+
+    for sess, bps in slippage.items():
+        if not math.isfinite(bps) or bps < 0:
+            raise ValueError(f"slippage bps must be >= 0 for session={sess}")
+    for sess, rate in failure.items():
+        if not math.isfinite(rate) or rate < 0 or rate > 1:
+            raise ValueError(f"failure rate must be within [0,1] for session={sess}")

src/analysis/backtest_execution_model.py

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+"""Conservative backtest execution model."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+import math
+from random import Random
+from typing import Literal
+
+
+OrderSide = Literal["BUY", "SELL"]
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class ExecutionRequest:
+    side: OrderSide
+    session_id: str
+    qty: int
+    reference_price: float
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class ExecutionAssumptions:
+    slippage_bps_by_session: dict[str, float]
+    failure_rate_by_session: dict[str, float]
+    partial_fill_rate_by_session: dict[str, float]
+    partial_fill_min_ratio: float = 0.3
+    partial_fill_max_ratio: float = 0.8
+    seed: int = 0
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class ExecutionResult:
+    status: Literal["FILLED", "PARTIAL", "REJECTED"]
+    filled_qty: int
+    avg_price: float
+    slippage_bps: float
+    reason: str
+
+
+class BacktestExecutionModel:
+    """Execution simulator with conservative unfavorable fill assumptions."""
+
+    def __init__(self, assumptions: ExecutionAssumptions) -> None:
+        self.assumptions = assumptions
+        self._rng = Random(assumptions.seed)
+        if assumptions.partial_fill_min_ratio <= 0 or assumptions.partial_fill_max_ratio > 1:
+            raise ValueError("partial fill ratios must be within (0,1]")
+        if assumptions.partial_fill_min_ratio > assumptions.partial_fill_max_ratio:
+            raise ValueError("partial_fill_min_ratio must be <= partial_fill_max_ratio")
+        for sess, bps in assumptions.slippage_bps_by_session.items():
+            if not math.isfinite(bps) or bps < 0:
+                raise ValueError(f"slippage_bps must be finite and >= 0 for session={sess}")
+        for sess, rate in assumptions.failure_rate_by_session.items():
+            if not math.isfinite(rate) or rate < 0 or rate > 1:
+                raise ValueError(f"failure_rate must be in [0,1] for session={sess}")
+        for sess, rate in assumptions.partial_fill_rate_by_session.items():
+            if not math.isfinite(rate) or rate < 0 or rate > 1:
+                raise ValueError(f"partial_fill_rate must be in [0,1] for session={sess}")
+
+    def simulate(self, request: ExecutionRequest) -> ExecutionResult:
+        if request.qty <= 0:
+            raise ValueError("qty must be positive")
+        if request.reference_price <= 0:
+            raise ValueError("reference_price must be positive")
+
+        slippage_bps = self.assumptions.slippage_bps_by_session.get(request.session_id, 0.0)
+        failure_rate = self.assumptions.failure_rate_by_session.get(request.session_id, 0.0)
+        partial_rate = self.assumptions.partial_fill_rate_by_session.get(request.session_id, 0.0)
+
+        if self._rng.random() < failure_rate:
+            return ExecutionResult(
+                status="REJECTED",
+                filled_qty=0,
+                avg_price=0.0,
+                slippage_bps=slippage_bps,
+                reason="execution_failure",
+            )
+
+        slip_mult = 1.0 + (slippage_bps / 10000.0 if request.side == "BUY" else -slippage_bps / 10000.0)
+        exec_price = request.reference_price * slip_mult
+
+        if self._rng.random() < partial_rate:
+            ratio = self._rng.uniform(
+                self.assumptions.partial_fill_min_ratio,
+                self.assumptions.partial_fill_max_ratio,
+            )
+            filled = max(1, min(request.qty - 1, int(request.qty * ratio)))
+            return ExecutionResult(
+                status="PARTIAL",
+                filled_qty=filled,
+                avg_price=exec_price,
+                slippage_bps=slippage_bps,
+                reason="partial_fill",
+            )
+
+        return ExecutionResult(
+            status="FILLED",
+            filled_qty=request.qty,
+            avg_price=exec_price,
+            slippage_bps=slippage_bps,
+            reason="filled",
+        )

src/analysis/triple_barrier.py

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+"""Triple barrier labeler utilities.
+
+Implements first-touch labeling with upper/lower/time barriers.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from typing import Literal, Sequence
+
+
+TieBreakMode = Literal["stop_first", "take_first"]
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class TripleBarrierSpec:
+    take_profit_pct: float
+    stop_loss_pct: float
+    max_holding_bars: int
+    tie_break: TieBreakMode = "stop_first"
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class TripleBarrierLabel:
+    label: int  # +1 take-profit first, -1 stop-loss first, 0 timeout
+    touched: Literal["take_profit", "stop_loss", "time"]
+    touch_bar: int
+    entry_price: float
+    upper_barrier: float
+    lower_barrier: float
+
+
+def label_with_triple_barrier(
+    *,
+    highs: Sequence[float],
+    lows: Sequence[float],
+    closes: Sequence[float],
+    entry_index: int,
+    side: int,
+    spec: TripleBarrierSpec,
+) -> TripleBarrierLabel:
+    """Label one entry using triple-barrier first-touch rule.
+
+    Args:
+        highs/lows/closes: OHLC components with identical length.
+        entry_index: Entry bar index in the sequences.
+        side: +1 for long, -1 for short.
+        spec: Barrier specification.
+    """
+    if side not in {1, -1}:
+        raise ValueError("side must be +1 or -1")
+    if len(highs) != len(lows) or len(highs) != len(closes):
+        raise ValueError("highs, lows, closes lengths must match")
+    if entry_index < 0 or entry_index >= len(closes):
+        raise IndexError("entry_index out of range")
+    if spec.max_holding_bars <= 0:
+        raise ValueError("max_holding_bars must be positive")
+
+    entry_price = float(closes[entry_index])
+    if entry_price <= 0:
+        raise ValueError("entry price must be positive")
+
+    if side == 1:
+        upper = entry_price * (1.0 + spec.take_profit_pct)
+        lower = entry_price * (1.0 - spec.stop_loss_pct)
+    else:
+        # For short side, favorable move is down.
+        upper = entry_price * (1.0 + spec.stop_loss_pct)
+        lower = entry_price * (1.0 - spec.take_profit_pct)
+
+    last_index = min(len(closes) - 1, entry_index + spec.max_holding_bars)
+    for idx in range(entry_index + 1, last_index + 1):
+        h = float(highs[idx])
+        l = float(lows[idx])
+
+        up_touch = h >= upper
+        down_touch = l <= lower
+        if not up_touch and not down_touch:
+            continue
+
+        if up_touch and down_touch:
+            if spec.tie_break == "stop_first":
+                touched = "stop_loss"
+                label = -1
+            else:
+                touched = "take_profit"
+                label = 1
+        elif up_touch:
+            touched = "take_profit" if side == 1 else "stop_loss"
+            label = 1 if side == 1 else -1
+        else:
+            touched = "stop_loss" if side == 1 else "take_profit"
+            label = -1 if side == 1 else 1
+
+        return TripleBarrierLabel(
+            label=label,
+            touched=touched,
+            touch_bar=idx,
+            entry_price=entry_price,
+            upper_barrier=upper,
+            lower_barrier=lower,
+        )
+
+    return TripleBarrierLabel(
+        label=0,
+        touched="time",
+        touch_bar=last_index,
+        entry_price=entry_price,
+        upper_barrier=upper,
+        lower_barrier=lower,
+    )

src/analysis/walk_forward_split.py

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+"""Walk-forward splitter with purge/embargo controls."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class WalkForwardFold:
+    train_indices: list[int]
+    test_indices: list[int]
+
+    @property
+    def train_size(self) -> int:
+        return len(self.train_indices)
+
+    @property
+    def test_size(self) -> int:
+        return len(self.test_indices)
+
+
+def generate_walk_forward_splits(
+    *,
+    n_samples: int,
+    train_size: int,
+    test_size: int,
+    step_size: int | None = None,
+    purge_size: int = 0,
+    embargo_size: int = 0,
+    min_train_size: int = 1,
+) -> list[WalkForwardFold]:
+    """Generate chronological folds with purge/embargo leakage controls."""
+    if n_samples <= 0:
+        raise ValueError("n_samples must be positive")
+    if train_size <= 0 or test_size <= 0:
+        raise ValueError("train_size and test_size must be positive")
+    if purge_size < 0 or embargo_size < 0:
+        raise ValueError("purge_size and embargo_size must be >= 0")
+    if min_train_size <= 0:
+        raise ValueError("min_train_size must be positive")
+
+    step = step_size if step_size is not None else test_size
+    if step <= 0:
+        raise ValueError("step_size must be positive")
+
+    folds: list[WalkForwardFold] = []
+    prev_test_end: int | None = None
+    test_start = train_size + purge_size
+
+    while test_start + test_size <= n_samples:
+        test_end = test_start + test_size - 1
+        train_end = test_start - purge_size - 1
+        if train_end < 0:
+            break
+
+        train_start = max(0, train_end - train_size + 1)
+        train_indices = list(range(train_start, train_end + 1))
+
+        if prev_test_end is not None and embargo_size > 0:
+            emb_from = prev_test_end + 1
+            emb_to = prev_test_end + embargo_size
+            train_indices = [i for i in train_indices if i < emb_from or i > emb_to]
+
+        if len(train_indices) >= min_train_size:
+            folds.append(
+                WalkForwardFold(
+                    train_indices=train_indices,
+                    test_indices=list(range(test_start, test_end + 1)),
+                )
+            )
+            prev_test_end = test_end
+        test_start += step
+
+    return folds

src/config.py

@@ -59,11 +59,15 @@ class Settings(BaseSettings):
     # KIS VTS overseas balance API returns errors for most accounts.
     # This value is used as a fallback when the balance API returns 0 in paper mode.
     PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH: float = Field(default=50000.0, ge=0.0)
+    USD_BUFFER_MIN: float = Field(default=1000.0, ge=0.0)
 
     # Trading frequency mode (daily = batch API calls, realtime = per-stock calls)
     TRADE_MODE: str = Field(default="daily", pattern="^(daily|realtime)$")
     DAILY_SESSIONS: int = Field(default=4, ge=1, le=10)
     SESSION_INTERVAL_HOURS: int = Field(default=6, ge=1, le=24)
+    ORDER_BLACKOUT_ENABLED: bool = True
+    ORDER_BLACKOUT_WINDOWS_KST: str = "23:30-00:10"
+    ORDER_BLACKOUT_QUEUE_MAX: int = Field(default=500, ge=10, le=5000)
 
     # Pre-Market Planner
     PRE_MARKET_MINUTES: int = Field(default=30, ge=10, le=120)

src/core/blackout_manager.py

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+"""Blackout policy and queued order-intent manager."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from collections import deque
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from datetime import UTC, datetime, time
+from zoneinfo import ZoneInfo
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class BlackoutWindow:
+    start: time
+    end: time
+
+    def contains(self, kst_time: time) -> bool:
+        if self.start <= self.end:
+            return self.start <= kst_time < self.end
+        return kst_time >= self.start or kst_time < self.end
+
+
+@dataclass
+class QueuedOrderIntent:
+    market_code: str
+    exchange_code: str
+    stock_code: str
+    order_type: str
+    quantity: int
+    price: float
+    source: str
+    queued_at: datetime
+    attempts: int = 0
+
+
+def parse_blackout_windows_kst(raw: str) -> list[BlackoutWindow]:
+    """Parse comma-separated KST windows like '23:30-00:10,11:20-11:30'."""
+    windows: list[BlackoutWindow] = []
+    for token in raw.split(","):
+        span = token.strip()
+        if not span or "-" not in span:
+            continue
+        start_raw, end_raw = [part.strip() for part in span.split("-", 1)]
+        try:
+            start_h, start_m = [int(v) for v in start_raw.split(":", 1)]
+            end_h, end_m = [int(v) for v in end_raw.split(":", 1)]
+        except (ValueError, TypeError):
+            continue
+        if not (0 <= start_h <= 23 and 0 <= end_h <= 23):
+            continue
+        if not (0 <= start_m <= 59 and 0 <= end_m <= 59):
+            continue
+        windows.append(BlackoutWindow(start=time(start_h, start_m), end=time(end_h, end_m)))
+    return windows
+
+
+class BlackoutOrderManager:
+    """Tracks blackout mode and queues order intents until recovery."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *,
+        enabled: bool,
+        windows: list[BlackoutWindow],
+        max_queue_size: int = 500,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.enabled = enabled
+        self._windows = windows
+        self._queue: deque[QueuedOrderIntent] = deque()
+        self._was_blackout = False
+        self._max_queue_size = max_queue_size
+
+    @property
+    def pending_count(self) -> int:
+        return len(self._queue)
+
+    def in_blackout(self, now: datetime | None = None) -> bool:
+        if not self.enabled or not self._windows:
+            return False
+        now = now or datetime.now(UTC)
+        kst_now = now.astimezone(ZoneInfo("Asia/Seoul")).timetz().replace(tzinfo=None)
+        return any(window.contains(kst_now) for window in self._windows)
+
+    def enqueue(self, intent: QueuedOrderIntent) -> bool:
+        if len(self._queue) >= self._max_queue_size:
+            return False
+        self._queue.append(intent)
+        return True
+
+    def pop_recovery_batch(self, now: datetime | None = None) -> list[QueuedOrderIntent]:
+        in_blackout_now = self.in_blackout(now)
+        batch: list[QueuedOrderIntent] = []
+        if not in_blackout_now and self._queue:
+            while self._queue:
+                batch.append(self._queue.popleft())
+        self._was_blackout = in_blackout_now
+        return batch
+
+    def requeue(self, intent: QueuedOrderIntent) -> None:
+        if len(self._queue) < self._max_queue_size:
+            self._queue.append(intent)
+
+    def clear(self) -> int:
+        count = len(self._queue)
+        self._queue.clear()
+        return count

src/core/kill_switch.py

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+"""Kill switch orchestration for emergency risk actions.
+
+Order is fixed:
+1) block new orders
+2) cancel pending orders
+3) refresh order state
+4) reduce risk
+5) snapshot and notify
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import inspect
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from typing import Any, Awaitable, Callable
+
+StepCallable = Callable[[], Any | Awaitable[Any]]
+
+
+@dataclass
+class KillSwitchReport:
+    reason: str
+    steps: list[str] = field(default_factory=list)
+    errors: list[str] = field(default_factory=list)
+
+
+class KillSwitchOrchestrator:
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.new_orders_blocked = False
+
+    async def _run_step(
+        self,
+        report: KillSwitchReport,
+        name: str,
+        fn: StepCallable | None,
+    ) -> None:
+        report.steps.append(name)
+        if fn is None:
+            return
+        try:
+            result = fn()
+            if inspect.isawaitable(result):
+                await result
+        except Exception as exc:  # pragma: no cover - intentionally resilient
+            report.errors.append(f"{name}: {exc}")
+
+    async def trigger(
+        self,
+        *,
+        reason: str,
+        cancel_pending_orders: StepCallable | None = None,
+        refresh_order_state: StepCallable | None = None,
+        reduce_risk: StepCallable | None = None,
+        snapshot_state: StepCallable | None = None,
+        notify: StepCallable | None = None,
+    ) -> KillSwitchReport:
+        report = KillSwitchReport(reason=reason)
+
+        self.new_orders_blocked = True
+        report.steps.append("block_new_orders")
+
+        await self._run_step(report, "cancel_pending_orders", cancel_pending_orders)
+        await self._run_step(report, "refresh_order_state", refresh_order_state)
+        await self._run_step(report, "reduce_risk", reduce_risk)
+        await self._run_step(report, "snapshot_state", snapshot_state)
+        await self._run_step(report, "notify", notify)
+
+        return report
+
+    def clear_block(self) -> None:
+        self.new_orders_blocked = False

src/core/order_policy.py

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+"""Session-aware order policy guards.
+
+Default policy:
+- Low-liquidity sessions must reject market orders (price <= 0).
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from datetime import UTC, datetime, time
+from zoneinfo import ZoneInfo
+
+from src.markets.schedule import MarketInfo
+
+_LOW_LIQUIDITY_SESSIONS = {"NXT_AFTER", "US_PRE", "US_DAY", "US_AFTER"}
+
+
+class OrderPolicyRejected(Exception):
+    """Raised when an order violates session policy."""
+
+    def __init__(self, message: str, *, session_id: str, market_code: str) -> None:
+        super().__init__(message)
+        self.session_id = session_id
+        self.market_code = market_code
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class SessionInfo:
+    session_id: str
+    is_low_liquidity: bool
+
+
+def classify_session_id(market: MarketInfo, now: datetime | None = None) -> str:
+    """Classify current session by KST schedule used in v3 docs."""
+    now = now or datetime.now(UTC)
+    # v3 session tables are explicitly defined in KST perspective.
+    kst_time = now.astimezone(ZoneInfo("Asia/Seoul")).timetz().replace(tzinfo=None)
+
+    if market.code == "KR":
+        if time(8, 0) <= kst_time < time(8, 50):
+            return "NXT_PRE"
+        if time(9, 0) <= kst_time < time(15, 30):
+            return "KRX_REG"
+        if time(15, 30) <= kst_time < time(20, 0):
+            return "NXT_AFTER"
+        return "KR_OFF"
+
+    if market.code.startswith("US"):
+        if time(10, 0) <= kst_time < time(18, 0):
+            return "US_DAY"
+        if time(18, 0) <= kst_time < time(23, 30):
+            return "US_PRE"
+        if time(23, 30) <= kst_time or kst_time < time(6, 0):
+            return "US_REG"
+        if time(6, 0) <= kst_time < time(7, 0):
+            return "US_AFTER"
+        return "US_OFF"
+
+    return "GENERIC_REG"
+
+
+def get_session_info(market: MarketInfo, now: datetime | None = None) -> SessionInfo:
+    session_id = classify_session_id(market, now)
+    return SessionInfo(session_id=session_id, is_low_liquidity=session_id in _LOW_LIQUIDITY_SESSIONS)
+
+
+def validate_order_policy(
+    *,
+    market: MarketInfo,
+    order_type: str,
+    price: float,
+    now: datetime | None = None,
+) -> SessionInfo:
+    """Validate order against session policy and return resolved session info."""
+    info = get_session_info(market, now)
+
+    is_market_order = price <= 0
+    if info.is_low_liquidity and is_market_order:
+        raise OrderPolicyRejected(
+            f"Market order is forbidden in low-liquidity session ({info.session_id})",
+            session_id=info.session_id,
+            market_code=market.code,
+        )
+
+    # Guard against accidental unsupported actions.
+    if order_type not in {"BUY", "SELL"}:
+        raise OrderPolicyRejected(
+            f"Unsupported order_type={order_type}",
+            session_id=info.session_id,
+            market_code=market.code,
+        )
+
+    return info

src/db.py

@@ -31,8 +31,12 @@ def init_db(db_path: str) -> sqlite3.Connection:
             quantity INTEGER,
             price REAL,
             pnl REAL DEFAULT 0.0,
+            strategy_pnl REAL DEFAULT 0.0,
+            fx_pnl REAL DEFAULT 0.0,
             market TEXT DEFAULT 'KR',
             exchange_code TEXT DEFAULT 'KRX',
+            session_id TEXT DEFAULT 'UNKNOWN',
+            selection_context TEXT,
             decision_id TEXT,
             mode TEXT DEFAULT 'paper'
         )
@@ -53,6 +57,32 @@ def init_db(db_path: str) -> sqlite3.Connection:
         conn.execute("ALTER TABLE trades ADD COLUMN decision_id TEXT")
     if "mode" not in columns:
         conn.execute("ALTER TABLE trades ADD COLUMN mode TEXT DEFAULT 'paper'")
+    session_id_added = False
+    if "session_id" not in columns:
+        conn.execute("ALTER TABLE trades ADD COLUMN session_id TEXT DEFAULT 'UNKNOWN'")
+        session_id_added = True
+    if "strategy_pnl" not in columns:
+        conn.execute("ALTER TABLE trades ADD COLUMN strategy_pnl REAL DEFAULT 0.0")
+    if "fx_pnl" not in columns:
+        conn.execute("ALTER TABLE trades ADD COLUMN fx_pnl REAL DEFAULT 0.0")
+    # Backfill legacy rows where only pnl existed before split accounting columns.
+    conn.execute(
+        """
+        UPDATE trades
+        SET strategy_pnl = pnl, fx_pnl = 0.0
+        WHERE pnl != 0.0
+          AND strategy_pnl = 0.0
+          AND fx_pnl = 0.0
+        """
+    )
+    if session_id_added:
+        conn.execute(
+            """
+            UPDATE trades
+            SET session_id = 'UNKNOWN'
+            WHERE session_id IS NULL OR session_id = ''
+            """
+        )
 
     # Context tree tables for multi-layered memory management
     conn.execute(
@@ -171,8 +201,11 @@ def log_trade(
     quantity: int = 0,
     price: float = 0.0,
     pnl: float = 0.0,
+    strategy_pnl: float | None = None,
+    fx_pnl: float | None = None,
     market: str = "KR",
     exchange_code: str = "KRX",
+    session_id: str | None = None,
     selection_context: dict[str, any] | None = None,
     decision_id: str | None = None,
     mode: str = "paper",
@@ -187,24 +220,37 @@ def log_trade(
         rationale: AI decision rationale
         quantity: Number of shares
         price: Trade price
-        pnl: Profit/loss
+        pnl: Total profit/loss (backward compatibility)
+        strategy_pnl: Strategy PnL component
+        fx_pnl: FX PnL component
         market: Market code
         exchange_code: Exchange code
+        session_id: Session identifier (if omitted, auto-derived from market)
         selection_context: Scanner selection data (RSI, volume_ratio, signal, score)
         decision_id: Unique decision identifier for audit linking
         mode: Trading mode ('paper' or 'live') for data separation
     """
     # Serialize selection context to JSON
     context_json = json.dumps(selection_context) if selection_context else None
+    resolved_session_id = _resolve_session_id(market=market, session_id=session_id)
+    if strategy_pnl is None and fx_pnl is None:
+        strategy_pnl = pnl
+        fx_pnl = 0.0
+    elif strategy_pnl is None:
+        strategy_pnl = pnl - float(fx_pnl or 0.0) if pnl != 0.0 else 0.0
+    elif fx_pnl is None:
+        fx_pnl = pnl - float(strategy_pnl) if pnl != 0.0 else 0.0
+    if pnl == 0.0 and (strategy_pnl or fx_pnl):
+        pnl = float(strategy_pnl) + float(fx_pnl)
 
     conn.execute(
         """
         INSERT INTO trades (
             timestamp, stock_code, action, confidence, rationale,
-            quantity, price, pnl, market, exchange_code, selection_context, decision_id,
+            quantity, price, pnl, strategy_pnl, fx_pnl,
-            mode
+            market, exchange_code, session_id, selection_context, decision_id, mode
         )
-        VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
+        VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
         """,
         (
             datetime.now(UTC).isoformat(),
@@ -215,8 +261,11 @@ def log_trade(
             quantity,
             price,
             pnl,
+            strategy_pnl,
+            fx_pnl,
             market,
             exchange_code,
+            resolved_session_id,
             context_json,
             decision_id,
             mode,
@@ -225,6 +274,21 @@ def log_trade(
     conn.commit()
 
 
+def _resolve_session_id(*, market: str, session_id: str | None) -> str:
+    if session_id:
+        return session_id
+    try:
+        from src.core.order_policy import classify_session_id
+        from src.markets.schedule import MARKETS
+
+        market_info = MARKETS.get(market)
+        if market_info is not None:
+            return classify_session_id(market_info)
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+    return "UNKNOWN"
+
+
 def get_latest_buy_trade(
     conn: sqlite3.Connection, stock_code: str, market: str
 ) -> dict[str, Any] | None:

src/main.py

@@ -27,6 +27,13 @@ from src.context.layer import ContextLayer
 from src.context.scheduler import ContextScheduler
 from src.context.store import ContextStore
 from src.core.criticality import CriticalityAssessor
+from src.core.blackout_manager import (
+    BlackoutOrderManager,
+    QueuedOrderIntent,
+    parse_blackout_windows_kst,
+)
+from src.core.kill_switch import KillSwitchOrchestrator
+from src.core.order_policy import OrderPolicyRejected, validate_order_policy
 from src.core.priority_queue import PriorityTaskQueue
 from src.core.risk_manager import CircuitBreakerTripped, FatFingerRejected, RiskManager
 from src.db import (
@@ -43,11 +50,19 @@ from src.logging_config import setup_logging
 from src.markets.schedule import MARKETS, MarketInfo, get_next_market_open, get_open_markets
 from src.notifications.telegram_client import NotificationFilter, TelegramClient, TelegramCommandHandler
 from src.strategy.models import DayPlaybook, MarketOutlook
+from src.strategy.exit_rules import ExitRuleConfig, ExitRuleInput, evaluate_exit
 from src.strategy.playbook_store import PlaybookStore
 from src.strategy.pre_market_planner import PreMarketPlanner
+from src.strategy.position_state_machine import PositionState
 from src.strategy.scenario_engine import ScenarioEngine
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+KILL_SWITCH = KillSwitchOrchestrator()
+BLACKOUT_ORDER_MANAGER = BlackoutOrderManager(
+    enabled=False,
+    windows=[],
+    max_queue_size=500,
+)
 
 
 def safe_float(value: str | float | None, default: float = 0.0) -> float:
@@ -414,6 +429,26 @@ def _determine_order_quantity(
     return quantity
 
 
+def _should_block_overseas_buy_for_fx_buffer(
+    *,
+    market: MarketInfo,
+    action: str,
+    total_cash: float,
+    order_amount: float,
+    settings: Settings | None,
+) -> tuple[bool, float, float]:
+    if (
+        market.is_domestic
+        or not market.code.startswith("US")
+        or action != "BUY"
+        or settings is None
+    ):
+        return False, total_cash - order_amount, 0.0
+    remaining = total_cash - order_amount
+    required = settings.USD_BUFFER_MIN
+    return remaining < required, remaining, required
+
+
 async def build_overseas_symbol_universe(
     db_conn: Any,
     overseas_broker: OverseasBroker,
@@ -456,6 +491,352 @@ async def build_overseas_symbol_universe(
     return ordered_unique
 
 
+def _build_queued_order_intent(
+    *,
+    market: MarketInfo,
+    stock_code: str,
+    order_type: str,
+    quantity: int,
+    price: float,
+    source: str,
+) -> QueuedOrderIntent:
+    return QueuedOrderIntent(
+        market_code=market.code,
+        exchange_code=market.exchange_code,
+        stock_code=stock_code,
+        order_type=order_type,
+        quantity=quantity,
+        price=price,
+        source=source,
+        queued_at=datetime.now(UTC),
+    )
+
+
+def _maybe_queue_order_intent(
+    *,
+    market: MarketInfo,
+    stock_code: str,
+    order_type: str,
+    quantity: int,
+    price: float,
+    source: str,
+) -> bool:
+    if not BLACKOUT_ORDER_MANAGER.in_blackout():
+        return False
+
+    queued = BLACKOUT_ORDER_MANAGER.enqueue(
+        _build_queued_order_intent(
+            market=market,
+            stock_code=stock_code,
+            order_type=order_type,
+            quantity=quantity,
+            price=price,
+            source=source,
+        )
+    )
+    if queued:
+        logger.warning(
+            "Blackout active: queued order intent %s %s (%s) qty=%d price=%.4f source=%s pending=%d",
+            order_type,
+            stock_code,
+            market.code,
+            quantity,
+            price,
+            source,
+            BLACKOUT_ORDER_MANAGER.pending_count,
+        )
+    else:
+        logger.error(
+            "Blackout queue full: dropped order intent %s %s (%s) qty=%d source=%s",
+            order_type,
+            stock_code,
+            market.code,
+            quantity,
+            source,
+        )
+    return True
+
+
+async def process_blackout_recovery_orders(
+    *,
+    broker: KISBroker,
+    overseas_broker: OverseasBroker,
+    db_conn: Any,
+) -> None:
+    intents = BLACKOUT_ORDER_MANAGER.pop_recovery_batch()
+    if not intents:
+        return
+
+    logger.info(
+        "Blackout recovery started: processing %d queued intents",
+        len(intents),
+    )
+    for intent in intents:
+        market = MARKETS.get(intent.market_code)
+        if market is None:
+            continue
+
+        open_position = get_open_position(db_conn, intent.stock_code, market.code)
+        if intent.order_type == "BUY" and open_position is not None:
+            logger.info(
+                "Drop stale queued BUY %s (%s): position already open",
+                intent.stock_code,
+                market.code,
+            )
+            continue
+        if intent.order_type == "SELL" and open_position is None:
+            logger.info(
+                "Drop stale queued SELL %s (%s): no open position",
+                intent.stock_code,
+                market.code,
+            )
+            continue
+
+        try:
+            validate_order_policy(
+                market=market,
+                order_type=intent.order_type,
+                price=float(intent.price),
+            )
+            if market.is_domestic:
+                result = await broker.send_order(
+                    stock_code=intent.stock_code,
+                    order_type=intent.order_type,
+                    quantity=intent.quantity,
+                    price=intent.price,
+                )
+            else:
+                result = await overseas_broker.send_overseas_order(
+                    exchange_code=market.exchange_code,
+                    stock_code=intent.stock_code,
+                    order_type=intent.order_type,
+                    quantity=intent.quantity,
+                    price=intent.price,
+                )
+
+            accepted = result.get("rt_cd", "0") == "0"
+            if accepted:
+                logger.info(
+                    "Recovered queued order executed: %s %s (%s) qty=%d price=%.4f source=%s",
+                    intent.order_type,
+                    intent.stock_code,
+                    market.code,
+                    intent.quantity,
+                    intent.price,
+                    intent.source,
+                )
+                continue
+            logger.warning(
+                "Recovered queued order rejected: %s %s (%s) qty=%d msg=%s",
+                intent.order_type,
+                intent.stock_code,
+                market.code,
+                intent.quantity,
+                result.get("msg1"),
+            )
+        except Exception as exc:
+            if isinstance(exc, OrderPolicyRejected):
+                logger.info(
+                    "Drop queued intent by policy: %s %s (%s): %s",
+                    intent.order_type,
+                    intent.stock_code,
+                    market.code,
+                    exc,
+                )
+                continue
+            logger.warning(
+                "Recovered queued order failed: %s %s (%s): %s",
+                intent.order_type,
+                intent.stock_code,
+                market.code,
+                exc,
+            )
+            if intent.attempts < 2:
+                intent.attempts += 1
+                BLACKOUT_ORDER_MANAGER.requeue(intent)
+
+
+def _resolve_kill_switch_markets(
+    *,
+    settings: Settings | None,
+    current_market: MarketInfo | None,
+) -> list[MarketInfo]:
+    if settings is not None:
+        markets: list[MarketInfo] = []
+        seen: set[str] = set()
+        for market_code in settings.enabled_market_list:
+            market = MARKETS.get(market_code)
+            if market is None or market.code in seen:
+                continue
+            markets.append(market)
+            seen.add(market.code)
+        if markets:
+            return markets
+    if current_market is not None:
+        return [current_market]
+    return []
+
+
+async def _cancel_pending_orders_for_kill_switch(
+    *,
+    broker: KISBroker,
+    overseas_broker: OverseasBroker,
+    markets: list[MarketInfo],
+) -> None:
+    failures: list[str] = []
+    domestic = [m for m in markets if m.is_domestic]
+    overseas = [m for m in markets if not m.is_domestic]
+
+    if domestic:
+        try:
+            orders = await broker.get_domestic_pending_orders()
+        except Exception as exc:
+            logger.warning("KillSwitch: failed to fetch domestic pending orders: %s", exc)
+            orders = []
+        for order in orders:
+            stock_code = str(order.get("pdno", ""))
+            try:
+                orgn_odno = order.get("orgn_odno", "")
+                krx_fwdg_ord_orgno = order.get("ord_gno_brno", "")
+                psbl_qty = int(order.get("psbl_qty", "0") or "0")
+                if not stock_code or not orgn_odno or psbl_qty <= 0:
+                    continue
+                cancel_result = await broker.cancel_domestic_order(
+                    stock_code=stock_code,
+                    orgn_odno=orgn_odno,
+                    krx_fwdg_ord_orgno=krx_fwdg_ord_orgno,
+                    qty=psbl_qty,
+                )
+                if cancel_result.get("rt_cd") != "0":
+                    failures.append(
+                        "domestic cancel failed for"
+                        f" {stock_code}: rt_cd={cancel_result.get('rt_cd')}"
+                        f" msg={cancel_result.get('msg1')}"
+                    )
+            except Exception as exc:
+                logger.warning("KillSwitch: domestic cancel failed: %s", exc)
+                failures.append(f"domestic cancel exception for {stock_code}: {exc}")
+
+    us_exchanges = frozenset({"NASD", "NYSE", "AMEX"})
+    exchange_codes: list[str] = []
+    seen_us = False
+    for market in overseas:
+        exc_code = market.exchange_code
+        if exc_code in us_exchanges:
+            if not seen_us:
+                exchange_codes.append("NASD")
+                seen_us = True
+        elif exc_code not in exchange_codes:
+            exchange_codes.append(exc_code)
+
+    for exchange_code in exchange_codes:
+        try:
+            orders = await overseas_broker.get_overseas_pending_orders(exchange_code)
+        except Exception as exc:
+            logger.warning(
+                "KillSwitch: failed to fetch overseas pending orders for %s: %s",
+                exchange_code,
+                exc,
+            )
+            continue
+        for order in orders:
+            stock_code = str(order.get("pdno", ""))
+            order_exchange = str(order.get("ovrs_excg_cd") or exchange_code)
+            try:
+                odno = order.get("odno", "")
+                nccs_qty = int(order.get("nccs_qty", "0") or "0")
+                if not stock_code or not odno or nccs_qty <= 0:
+                    continue
+                cancel_result = await overseas_broker.cancel_overseas_order(
+                    exchange_code=order_exchange,
+                    stock_code=stock_code,
+                    odno=odno,
+                    qty=nccs_qty,
+                )
+                if cancel_result.get("rt_cd") != "0":
+                    failures.append(
+                        "overseas cancel failed for"
+                        f" {order_exchange}/{stock_code}: rt_cd={cancel_result.get('rt_cd')}"
+                        f" msg={cancel_result.get('msg1')}"
+                    )
+            except Exception as exc:
+                logger.warning("KillSwitch: overseas cancel failed: %s", exc)
+                failures.append(
+                    f"overseas cancel exception for {order_exchange}/{stock_code}: {exc}"
+                )
+
+    if failures:
+        raise RuntimeError("; ".join(failures[:3]))
+
+
+async def _refresh_order_state_for_kill_switch(
+    *,
+    broker: KISBroker,
+    overseas_broker: OverseasBroker,
+    markets: list[MarketInfo],
+) -> None:
+    seen_overseas: set[str] = set()
+    for market in markets:
+        try:
+            if market.is_domestic:
+                await broker.get_balance()
+            elif market.exchange_code not in seen_overseas:
+                seen_overseas.add(market.exchange_code)
+                await overseas_broker.get_overseas_balance(market.exchange_code)
+        except Exception as exc:
+            logger.warning(
+                "KillSwitch: refresh state failed for %s/%s: %s",
+                market.code,
+                market.exchange_code,
+                exc,
+            )
+
+
+def _reduce_risk_for_kill_switch() -> None:
+    dropped = BLACKOUT_ORDER_MANAGER.clear()
+    logger.critical("KillSwitch: reduced queued order risk by clearing %d queued intents", dropped)
+
+
+async def _trigger_emergency_kill_switch(
+    *,
+    reason: str,
+    broker: KISBroker,
+    overseas_broker: OverseasBroker,
+    telegram: TelegramClient,
+    settings: Settings | None,
+    current_market: MarketInfo | None,
+    stock_code: str,
+    pnl_pct: float,
+    threshold: float,
+) -> Any:
+    markets = _resolve_kill_switch_markets(settings=settings, current_market=current_market)
+    return await KILL_SWITCH.trigger(
+        reason=reason,
+        cancel_pending_orders=lambda: _cancel_pending_orders_for_kill_switch(
+            broker=broker,
+            overseas_broker=overseas_broker,
+            markets=markets,
+        ),
+        refresh_order_state=lambda: _refresh_order_state_for_kill_switch(
+            broker=broker,
+            overseas_broker=overseas_broker,
+            markets=markets,
+        ),
+        reduce_risk=_reduce_risk_for_kill_switch,
+        snapshot_state=lambda: logger.critical(
+            "KillSwitch snapshot %s/%s pnl=%.2f threshold=%.2f",
+            current_market.code if current_market else "UNKNOWN",
+            stock_code,
+            pnl_pct,
+            threshold,
+        ),
+        notify=lambda: telegram.notify_circuit_breaker(
+            pnl_pct=pnl_pct,
+            threshold=threshold,
+        ),
+    )
+
+
 async def trading_cycle(
     broker: KISBroker,
     overseas_broker: OverseasBroker,
@@ -784,7 +1165,24 @@ async def trading_cycle(
                     stop_loss_threshold = stock_playbook.scenarios[0].stop_loss_pct
                     take_profit_threshold = stock_playbook.scenarios[0].take_profit_pct
 
-                if loss_pct <= stop_loss_threshold:
+                exit_eval = evaluate_exit(
+                    current_state=PositionState.HOLDING,
+                    config=ExitRuleConfig(
+                        hard_stop_pct=stop_loss_threshold,
+                        be_arm_pct=max(0.5, take_profit_threshold * 0.4),
+                        arm_pct=take_profit_threshold,
+                    ),
+                    inp=ExitRuleInput(
+                        current_price=current_price,
+                        entry_price=entry_price,
+                        peak_price=max(entry_price, current_price),
+                        atr_value=0.0,
+                        pred_down_prob=0.0,
+                        liquidity_weak=market_data.get("volume_ratio", 1.0) < 1.0,
+                    ),
+                )
+
+                if exit_eval.reason == "hard_stop":
                     decision = TradeDecision(
                         action="SELL",
                         confidence=95,
@@ -800,7 +1198,7 @@ async def trading_cycle(
                         loss_pct,
                         stop_loss_threshold,
                     )
-                elif loss_pct >= take_profit_threshold:
+                elif exit_eval.reason == "arm_take_profit":
                     decision = TradeDecision(
                         action="SELL",
                         confidence=90,
@@ -876,6 +1274,15 @@ async def trading_cycle(
     trade_price = current_price
     trade_pnl = 0.0
     if decision.action in ("BUY", "SELL"):
+        if KILL_SWITCH.new_orders_blocked:
+            logger.critical(
+                "KillSwitch block active: skip %s order for %s (%s)",
+                decision.action,
+                stock_code,
+                market.name,
+            )
+            return
+
         broker_held_qty = (
             _extract_held_qty_from_balance(
                 balance_data, stock_code, is_domestic=market.is_domestic
@@ -905,6 +1312,24 @@ async def trading_cycle(
             )
             return
         order_amount = current_price * quantity
+        fx_blocked, remaining_cash, required_buffer = _should_block_overseas_buy_for_fx_buffer(
+            market=market,
+            action=decision.action,
+            total_cash=total_cash,
+            order_amount=order_amount,
+            settings=settings,
+        )
+        if fx_blocked:
+            logger.warning(
+                "Skip BUY %s (%s): FX buffer guard (remaining=%.2f, required=%.2f, cash=%.2f, order=%.2f)",
+                stock_code,
+                market.name,
+                remaining_cash,
+                required_buffer,
+                total_cash,
+                order_amount,
+            )
+            return
 
         # 4. Check BUY cooldown (set when a prior BUY failed due to insufficient balance)
         if decision.action == "BUY" and buy_cooldown is not None:
@@ -944,6 +1369,26 @@ async def trading_cycle(
             except Exception as notify_exc:
                 logger.warning("Fat finger notification failed: %s", notify_exc)
             raise  # Re-raise to prevent trade
+        except CircuitBreakerTripped as exc:
+            ks_report = await _trigger_emergency_kill_switch(
+                reason=f"circuit_breaker:{market.code}:{stock_code}:{exc.pnl_pct:.2f}",
+                broker=broker,
+                overseas_broker=overseas_broker,
+                telegram=telegram,
+                settings=settings,
+                current_market=market,
+                stock_code=stock_code,
+                pnl_pct=exc.pnl_pct,
+                threshold=exc.threshold,
+            )
+            if ks_report.errors:
+                logger.critical(
+                    "KillSwitch step errors for %s/%s: %s",
+                    market.code,
+                    stock_code,
+                    "; ".join(ks_report.errors),
+                )
+            raise
 
         # 5. Send order
         order_succeeded = True
@@ -956,6 +1401,31 @@ async def trading_cycle(
                 order_price = kr_round_down(current_price * 1.002)
             else:
                 order_price = kr_round_down(current_price * 0.998)
+            try:
+                validate_order_policy(
+                    market=market,
+                    order_type=decision.action,
+                    price=float(order_price),
+                )
+            except OrderPolicyRejected as exc:
+                logger.warning(
+                    "Order policy rejected %s %s (%s): %s [session=%s]",
+                    decision.action,
+                    stock_code,
+                    market.name,
+                    exc,
+                    exc.session_id,
+                )
+                return
+            if _maybe_queue_order_intent(
+                market=market,
+                stock_code=stock_code,
+                order_type=decision.action,
+                quantity=quantity,
+                price=float(order_price),
+                source="trading_cycle",
+            ):
+                return
             result = await broker.send_order(
                 stock_code=stock_code,
                 order_type=decision.action,
@@ -978,6 +1448,31 @@ async def trading_cycle(
                 overseas_price = round(current_price * 1.002, _price_decimals)
             else:
                 overseas_price = round(current_price * 0.998, _price_decimals)
+            try:
+                validate_order_policy(
+                    market=market,
+                    order_type=decision.action,
+                    price=float(overseas_price),
+                )
+            except OrderPolicyRejected as exc:
+                logger.warning(
+                    "Order policy rejected %s %s (%s): %s [session=%s]",
+                    decision.action,
+                    stock_code,
+                    market.name,
+                    exc,
+                    exc.session_id,
+                )
+                return
+            if _maybe_queue_order_intent(
+                market=market,
+                stock_code=stock_code,
+                order_type=decision.action,
+                quantity=quantity,
+                price=float(overseas_price),
+                source="trading_cycle",
+            ):
+                return
             result = await overseas_broker.send_overseas_order(
                 exchange_code=market.exchange_code,
                 stock_code=stock_code,
@@ -1222,6 +1717,11 @@ async def handle_domestic_pending_orders(
                                 f"Invalid price ({last_price}) for {stock_code}"
                             )
                         new_price = kr_round_down(last_price * 0.996)
+                        validate_order_policy(
+                            market=MARKETS["KR"],
+                            order_type="SELL",
+                            price=float(new_price),
+                        )
                         await broker.send_order(
                             stock_code=stock_code,
                             order_type="SELL",
@@ -1395,6 +1895,19 @@ async def handle_overseas_pending_orders(
                                     f"Invalid price ({last_price}) for {stock_code}"
                                 )
                             new_price = round(last_price * 0.996, 4)
+                            market_info = next(
+                                (
+                                    m for m in MARKETS.values()
+                                    if m.exchange_code == order_exchange and not m.is_domestic
+                                ),
+                                None,
+                            )
+                            if market_info is not None:
+                                validate_order_policy(
+                                    market=market_info,
+                                    order_type="SELL",
+                                    price=float(new_price),
+                                )
                             await overseas_broker.send_overseas_order(
                                 exchange_code=order_exchange,
                                 stock_code=stock_code,
@@ -1483,6 +1996,11 @@ async def run_daily_session(
 
     # Process each open market
     for market in open_markets:
+        await process_blackout_recovery_orders(
+            broker=broker,
+            overseas_broker=overseas_broker,
+            db_conn=db_conn,
+        )
         # Use market-local date for playbook keying
         market_today = datetime.now(market.timezone).date()
 
@@ -1845,6 +2363,15 @@ async def run_daily_session(
             trade_pnl = 0.0
             order_succeeded = True
             if decision.action in ("BUY", "SELL"):
+                if KILL_SWITCH.new_orders_blocked:
+                    logger.critical(
+                        "KillSwitch block active: skip %s order for %s (%s)",
+                        decision.action,
+                        stock_code,
+                        market.name,
+                    )
+                    continue
+
                 daily_broker_held_qty = (
                     _extract_held_qty_from_balance(
                         balance_data, stock_code, is_domestic=market.is_domestic
@@ -1871,6 +2398,24 @@ async def run_daily_session(
                     )
                     continue
                 order_amount = stock_data["current_price"] * quantity
+                fx_blocked, remaining_cash, required_buffer = _should_block_overseas_buy_for_fx_buffer(
+                    market=market,
+                    action=decision.action,
+                    total_cash=total_cash,
+                    order_amount=order_amount,
+                    settings=settings,
+                )
+                if fx_blocked:
+                    logger.warning(
+                        "Skip BUY %s (%s): FX buffer guard (remaining=%.2f, required=%.2f, cash=%.2f, order=%.2f)",
+                        stock_code,
+                        market.name,
+                        remaining_cash,
+                        required_buffer,
+                        total_cash,
+                        order_amount,
+                    )
+                    continue
 
                 # Check BUY cooldown (insufficient balance)
                 if decision.action == "BUY":
@@ -1911,15 +2456,24 @@ async def run_daily_session(
                         logger.warning("Fat finger notification failed: %s", notify_exc)
                     continue  # Skip this order
                 except CircuitBreakerTripped as exc:
-                    logger.critical("Circuit breaker tripped — stopping session")
+                    ks_report = await _trigger_emergency_kill_switch(
-                    try:
+                        reason=f"daily_circuit_breaker:{market.code}:{stock_code}:{exc.pnl_pct:.2f}",
-                        await telegram.notify_circuit_breaker(
+                        broker=broker,
+                        overseas_broker=overseas_broker,
+                        telegram=telegram,
+                        settings=settings,
+                        current_market=market,
+                        stock_code=stock_code,
                         pnl_pct=exc.pnl_pct,
                         threshold=exc.threshold,
                     )
-                    except Exception as notify_exc:
+                    logger.critical("Circuit breaker tripped — stopping session")
-                        logger.warning(
+                    if ks_report.errors:
-                            "Circuit breaker notification failed: %s", notify_exc
+                        logger.critical(
+                            "Daily KillSwitch step errors for %s/%s: %s",
+                            market.code,
+                            stock_code,
+                            "; ".join(ks_report.errors),
                         )
                     raise
 
@@ -1937,6 +2491,31 @@ async def run_daily_session(
                             order_price = kr_round_down(
                                 stock_data["current_price"] * 0.998
                             )
+                        try:
+                            validate_order_policy(
+                                market=market,
+                                order_type=decision.action,
+                                price=float(order_price),
+                            )
+                        except OrderPolicyRejected as exc:
+                            logger.warning(
+                                "Order policy rejected %s %s (%s): %s [session=%s]",
+                                decision.action,
+                                stock_code,
+                                market.name,
+                                exc,
+                                exc.session_id,
+                            )
+                            continue
+                        if _maybe_queue_order_intent(
+                            market=market,
+                            stock_code=stock_code,
+                            order_type=decision.action,
+                            quantity=quantity,
+                            price=float(order_price),
+                            source="run_daily_session",
+                        ):
+                            continue
                         result = await broker.send_order(
                             stock_code=stock_code,
                             order_type=decision.action,
@@ -1949,6 +2528,31 @@ async def run_daily_session(
                             order_price = round(stock_data["current_price"] * 1.005, 4)
                         else:
                             order_price = stock_data["current_price"]
+                        try:
+                            validate_order_policy(
+                                market=market,
+                                order_type=decision.action,
+                                price=float(order_price),
+                            )
+                        except OrderPolicyRejected as exc:
+                            logger.warning(
+                                "Order policy rejected %s %s (%s): %s [session=%s]",
+                                decision.action,
+                                stock_code,
+                                market.name,
+                                exc,
+                                exc.session_id,
+                            )
+                            continue
+                        if _maybe_queue_order_intent(
+                            market=market,
+                            stock_code=stock_code,
+                            order_type=decision.action,
+                            quantity=quantity,
+                            price=float(order_price),
+                            source="run_daily_session",
+                        ):
+                            continue
                         result = await overseas_broker.send_overseas_order(
                             exchange_code=market.exchange_code,
                             stock_code=stock_code,
@@ -2187,6 +2791,19 @@ def _apply_dashboard_flag(settings: Settings, dashboard_flag: bool) -> Settings:
 
 async def run(settings: Settings) -> None:
     """Main async loop — iterate over open markets on a timer."""
+    global BLACKOUT_ORDER_MANAGER
+    BLACKOUT_ORDER_MANAGER = BlackoutOrderManager(
+        enabled=settings.ORDER_BLACKOUT_ENABLED,
+        windows=parse_blackout_windows_kst(settings.ORDER_BLACKOUT_WINDOWS_KST),
+        max_queue_size=settings.ORDER_BLACKOUT_QUEUE_MAX,
+    )
+    logger.info(
+        "Blackout manager initialized: enabled=%s windows=%s queue_max=%d",
+        settings.ORDER_BLACKOUT_ENABLED,
+        settings.ORDER_BLACKOUT_WINDOWS_KST,
+        settings.ORDER_BLACKOUT_QUEUE_MAX,
+    )
+
     broker = KISBroker(settings)
     overseas_broker = OverseasBroker(broker)
     brain = GeminiClient(settings)
@@ -2786,6 +3403,12 @@ async def run(settings: Settings) -> None:
                     if shutdown.is_set():
                         break
 
+                    await process_blackout_recovery_orders(
+                        broker=broker,
+                        overseas_broker=overseas_broker,
+                        db_conn=db_conn,
+                    )
+
                     # Notify market open if it just opened
                     if not _market_states.get(market.code, False):
                         try:

src/strategy/exit_rules.py

@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+"""Composite exit rules: hard stop, break-even lock, ATR trailing, model assist."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+from src.strategy.position_state_machine import PositionState, StateTransitionInput, promote_state
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class ExitRuleConfig:
+    hard_stop_pct: float = -2.0
+    be_arm_pct: float = 1.2
+    arm_pct: float = 3.0
+    atr_multiplier_k: float = 2.2
+    model_prob_threshold: float = 0.62
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class ExitRuleInput:
+    current_price: float
+    entry_price: float
+    peak_price: float
+    atr_value: float = 0.0
+    pred_down_prob: float = 0.0
+    liquidity_weak: bool = False
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class ExitEvaluation:
+    state: PositionState
+    should_exit: bool
+    reason: str
+    unrealized_pnl_pct: float
+    trailing_stop_price: float | None
+
+
+def evaluate_exit(
+    *,
+    current_state: PositionState,
+    config: ExitRuleConfig,
+    inp: ExitRuleInput,
+) -> ExitEvaluation:
+    """Evaluate composite exit logic and return updated state."""
+    if inp.entry_price <= 0 or inp.current_price <= 0:
+        return ExitEvaluation(
+            state=current_state,
+            should_exit=False,
+            reason="invalid_price",
+            unrealized_pnl_pct=0.0,
+            trailing_stop_price=None,
+        )
+
+    unrealized = (inp.current_price - inp.entry_price) / inp.entry_price * 100.0
+    hard_stop_hit = unrealized <= config.hard_stop_pct
+    take_profit_hit = unrealized >= config.arm_pct
+
+    trailing_stop_price: float | None = None
+    trailing_stop_hit = False
+    if inp.atr_value > 0 and inp.peak_price > 0:
+        trailing_stop_price = inp.peak_price - (config.atr_multiplier_k * inp.atr_value)
+        trailing_stop_hit = inp.current_price <= trailing_stop_price
+
+    be_lock_threat = current_state in (PositionState.BE_LOCK, PositionState.ARMED) and (
+        inp.current_price <= inp.entry_price
+    )
+    model_exit_signal = inp.pred_down_prob >= config.model_prob_threshold and inp.liquidity_weak
+
+    next_state = promote_state(
+        current=current_state,
+        inp=StateTransitionInput(
+            unrealized_pnl_pct=unrealized,
+            be_arm_pct=config.be_arm_pct,
+            arm_pct=config.arm_pct,
+            hard_stop_hit=hard_stop_hit,
+            trailing_stop_hit=trailing_stop_hit,
+            model_exit_signal=model_exit_signal,
+            be_lock_threat=be_lock_threat,
+        ),
+    )
+
+    if hard_stop_hit:
+        reason = "hard_stop"
+    elif trailing_stop_hit:
+        reason = "atr_trailing_stop"
+    elif be_lock_threat:
+        reason = "be_lock_threat"
+    elif model_exit_signal:
+        reason = "model_liquidity_exit"
+    elif take_profit_hit:
+        # Backward-compatible immediate profit-taking path.
+        reason = "arm_take_profit"
+    else:
+        reason = "hold"
+
+    should_exit = next_state == PositionState.EXITED or take_profit_hit
+
+    return ExitEvaluation(
+        state=next_state,
+        should_exit=should_exit,
+        reason=reason,
+        unrealized_pnl_pct=unrealized,
+        trailing_stop_price=trailing_stop_price,
+    )

src/strategy/position_state_machine.py

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+"""Position state machine for staged exit control.
+
+State progression is monotonic (promotion-only) except terminal EXITED.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from enum import Enum
+
+
+class PositionState(str, Enum):
+    HOLDING = "HOLDING"
+    BE_LOCK = "BE_LOCK"
+    ARMED = "ARMED"
+    EXITED = "EXITED"
+
+
+_STATE_RANK: dict[PositionState, int] = {
+    PositionState.HOLDING: 0,
+    PositionState.BE_LOCK: 1,
+    PositionState.ARMED: 2,
+    PositionState.EXITED: 3,
+}
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class StateTransitionInput:
+    unrealized_pnl_pct: float
+    be_arm_pct: float
+    arm_pct: float
+    hard_stop_hit: bool = False
+    trailing_stop_hit: bool = False
+    model_exit_signal: bool = False
+    be_lock_threat: bool = False
+
+
+def evaluate_exit_first(inp: StateTransitionInput) -> bool:
+    """Return True when terminal exit conditions are met.
+
+    EXITED must be evaluated before any promotion.
+    """
+    return (
+        inp.hard_stop_hit
+        or inp.trailing_stop_hit
+        or inp.model_exit_signal
+        or inp.be_lock_threat
+    )
+
+
+def promote_state(current: PositionState, inp: StateTransitionInput) -> PositionState:
+    """Promote to highest admissible state for current tick/bar.
+
+    Rules:
+    - EXITED has highest precedence and is terminal.
+    - Promotions are monotonic (no downgrade).
+    """
+    if current == PositionState.EXITED:
+        return PositionState.EXITED
+
+    if evaluate_exit_first(inp):
+        return PositionState.EXITED
+
+    target = PositionState.HOLDING
+    if inp.unrealized_pnl_pct >= inp.arm_pct:
+        target = PositionState.ARMED
+    elif inp.unrealized_pnl_pct >= inp.be_arm_pct:
+        target = PositionState.BE_LOCK
+
+    return target if _STATE_RANK[target] > _STATE_RANK[current] else current

tests/test_backtest_cost_guard.py

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import pytest
+
+from src.analysis.backtest_cost_guard import BacktestCostModel, validate_backtest_cost_model
+
+
+def test_valid_backtest_cost_model_passes() -> None:
+    model = BacktestCostModel(
+        commission_bps=5.0,
+        slippage_bps_by_session={"KRX_REG": 10.0, "US_PRE": 50.0},
+        failure_rate_by_session={"KRX_REG": 0.01, "US_PRE": 0.08},
+        unfavorable_fill_required=True,
+    )
+    validate_backtest_cost_model(model=model, required_sessions=["KRX_REG", "US_PRE"])
+
+
+def test_missing_required_slippage_session_raises() -> None:
+    model = BacktestCostModel(
+        commission_bps=5.0,
+        slippage_bps_by_session={"KRX_REG": 10.0},
+        failure_rate_by_session={"KRX_REG": 0.01, "US_PRE": 0.08},
+        unfavorable_fill_required=True,
+    )
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="missing slippage_bps_by_session.*US_PRE"):
+        validate_backtest_cost_model(model=model, required_sessions=["KRX_REG", "US_PRE"])
+
+
+def test_missing_required_failure_rate_session_raises() -> None:
+    model = BacktestCostModel(
+        commission_bps=5.0,
+        slippage_bps_by_session={"KRX_REG": 10.0, "US_PRE": 50.0},
+        failure_rate_by_session={"KRX_REG": 0.01},
+        unfavorable_fill_required=True,
+    )
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="missing failure_rate_by_session.*US_PRE"):
+        validate_backtest_cost_model(model=model, required_sessions=["KRX_REG", "US_PRE"])
+
+
+def test_invalid_failure_rate_range_raises() -> None:
+    model = BacktestCostModel(
+        commission_bps=5.0,
+        slippage_bps_by_session={"KRX_REG": 10.0},
+        failure_rate_by_session={"KRX_REG": 1.2},
+        unfavorable_fill_required=True,
+    )
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="failure rate must be within"):
+        validate_backtest_cost_model(model=model, required_sessions=["KRX_REG"])
+
+
+def test_unfavorable_fill_requirement_cannot_be_disabled() -> None:
+    model = BacktestCostModel(
+        commission_bps=5.0,
+        slippage_bps_by_session={"KRX_REG": 10.0},
+        failure_rate_by_session={"KRX_REG": 0.02},
+        unfavorable_fill_required=False,
+    )
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="unfavorable_fill_required must be True"):
+        validate_backtest_cost_model(model=model, required_sessions=["KRX_REG"])
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("bad_commission", [float("nan"), float("inf"), float("-inf")])
+def test_non_finite_commission_rejected(bad_commission: float) -> None:
+    model = BacktestCostModel(
+        commission_bps=bad_commission,
+        slippage_bps_by_session={"KRX_REG": 10.0},
+        failure_rate_by_session={"KRX_REG": 0.02},
+        unfavorable_fill_required=True,
+    )
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="commission_bps"):
+        validate_backtest_cost_model(model=model, required_sessions=["KRX_REG"])
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("bad_slippage", [float("nan"), float("inf"), float("-inf")])
+def test_non_finite_slippage_rejected(bad_slippage: float) -> None:
+    model = BacktestCostModel(
+        commission_bps=5.0,
+        slippage_bps_by_session={"KRX_REG": bad_slippage},
+        failure_rate_by_session={"KRX_REG": 0.02},
+        unfavorable_fill_required=True,
+    )
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="slippage bps"):
+        validate_backtest_cost_model(model=model, required_sessions=["KRX_REG"])

tests/test_backtest_execution_model.py

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import pytest
+
+from src.analysis.backtest_execution_model import (
+    BacktestExecutionModel,
+    ExecutionAssumptions,
+    ExecutionRequest,
+)
+
+
+def test_buy_uses_unfavorable_slippage_direction() -> None:
+    model = BacktestExecutionModel(
+        ExecutionAssumptions(
+            slippage_bps_by_session={"US_PRE": 50.0},
+            failure_rate_by_session={"US_PRE": 0.0},
+            partial_fill_rate_by_session={"US_PRE": 0.0},
+            seed=1,
+        )
+    )
+    out = model.simulate(
+        ExecutionRequest(side="BUY", session_id="US_PRE", qty=10, reference_price=100.0)
+    )
+    assert out.status == "FILLED"
+    assert out.avg_price == pytest.approx(100.5)
+
+
+def test_sell_uses_unfavorable_slippage_direction() -> None:
+    model = BacktestExecutionModel(
+        ExecutionAssumptions(
+            slippage_bps_by_session={"US_PRE": 50.0},
+            failure_rate_by_session={"US_PRE": 0.0},
+            partial_fill_rate_by_session={"US_PRE": 0.0},
+            seed=1,
+        )
+    )
+    out = model.simulate(
+        ExecutionRequest(side="SELL", session_id="US_PRE", qty=10, reference_price=100.0)
+    )
+    assert out.status == "FILLED"
+    assert out.avg_price == pytest.approx(99.5)
+
+
+def test_failure_rate_can_reject_order() -> None:
+    model = BacktestExecutionModel(
+        ExecutionAssumptions(
+            slippage_bps_by_session={"KRX_REG": 10.0},
+            failure_rate_by_session={"KRX_REG": 1.0},
+            partial_fill_rate_by_session={"KRX_REG": 0.0},
+            seed=42,
+        )
+    )
+    out = model.simulate(
+        ExecutionRequest(side="BUY", session_id="KRX_REG", qty=10, reference_price=100.0)
+    )
+    assert out.status == "REJECTED"
+    assert out.filled_qty == 0
+
+
+def test_partial_fill_applies_when_rate_is_one() -> None:
+    model = BacktestExecutionModel(
+        ExecutionAssumptions(
+            slippage_bps_by_session={"KRX_REG": 0.0},
+            failure_rate_by_session={"KRX_REG": 0.0},
+            partial_fill_rate_by_session={"KRX_REG": 1.0},
+            partial_fill_min_ratio=0.4,
+            partial_fill_max_ratio=0.4,
+            seed=0,
+        )
+    )
+    out = model.simulate(
+        ExecutionRequest(side="BUY", session_id="KRX_REG", qty=10, reference_price=100.0)
+    )
+    assert out.status == "PARTIAL"
+    assert out.filled_qty == 4
+    assert out.avg_price == 100.0
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("bad_slip", [-1.0, float("nan"), float("inf")])
+def test_invalid_slippage_is_rejected(bad_slip: float) -> None:
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="slippage_bps"):
+        BacktestExecutionModel(
+            ExecutionAssumptions(
+                slippage_bps_by_session={"US_PRE": bad_slip},
+                failure_rate_by_session={"US_PRE": 0.0},
+                partial_fill_rate_by_session={"US_PRE": 0.0},
+            )
+        )
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("bad_rate", [-0.1, 1.1, float("nan")])
+def test_invalid_failure_or_partial_rates_are_rejected(bad_rate: float) -> None:
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="failure_rate"):
+        BacktestExecutionModel(
+            ExecutionAssumptions(
+                slippage_bps_by_session={"US_PRE": 10.0},
+                failure_rate_by_session={"US_PRE": bad_rate},
+                partial_fill_rate_by_session={"US_PRE": 0.0},
+            )
+        )
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="partial_fill_rate"):
+        BacktestExecutionModel(
+            ExecutionAssumptions(
+                slippage_bps_by_session={"US_PRE": 10.0},
+                failure_rate_by_session={"US_PRE": 0.0},
+                partial_fill_rate_by_session={"US_PRE": bad_rate},
+            )
+        )

tests/test_blackout_manager.py

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
+
+from src.core.blackout_manager import (
+    BlackoutOrderManager,
+    QueuedOrderIntent,
+    parse_blackout_windows_kst,
+)
+
+
+def test_parse_blackout_windows_kst() -> None:
+    windows = parse_blackout_windows_kst("23:30-00:10,11:20-11:30,invalid")
+    assert len(windows) == 2
+
+
+def test_blackout_manager_handles_cross_midnight_window() -> None:
+    manager = BlackoutOrderManager(
+        enabled=True,
+        windows=parse_blackout_windows_kst("23:30-00:10"),
+        max_queue_size=10,
+    )
+    # 2026-01-01 23:40 KST = 2026-01-01 14:40 UTC
+    assert manager.in_blackout(datetime(2026, 1, 1, 14, 40, tzinfo=UTC))
+    # 2026-01-02 00:20 KST = 2026-01-01 15:20 UTC
+    assert not manager.in_blackout(datetime(2026, 1, 1, 15, 20, tzinfo=UTC))
+
+
+def test_recovery_batch_only_after_blackout_exit() -> None:
+    manager = BlackoutOrderManager(
+        enabled=True,
+        windows=parse_blackout_windows_kst("23:30-00:10"),
+        max_queue_size=10,
+    )
+    intent = QueuedOrderIntent(
+        market_code="KR",
+        exchange_code="KRX",
+        stock_code="005930",
+        order_type="BUY",
+        quantity=1,
+        price=100.0,
+        source="test",
+        queued_at=datetime.now(UTC),
+    )
+    assert manager.enqueue(intent)
+
+    # Inside blackout: no pop yet
+    inside_blackout = datetime(2026, 1, 1, 14, 40, tzinfo=UTC)
+    assert manager.pop_recovery_batch(inside_blackout) == []
+
+    # Outside blackout: pop full batch once
+    outside_blackout = datetime(2026, 1, 1, 15, 20, tzinfo=UTC)
+    batch = manager.pop_recovery_batch(outside_blackout)
+    assert len(batch) == 1
+    assert manager.pending_count == 0
+
+
+def test_requeued_intent_is_processed_next_non_blackout_cycle() -> None:
+    manager = BlackoutOrderManager(
+        enabled=True,
+        windows=parse_blackout_windows_kst("23:30-00:10"),
+        max_queue_size=10,
+    )
+    intent = QueuedOrderIntent(
+        market_code="KR",
+        exchange_code="KRX",
+        stock_code="005930",
+        order_type="BUY",
+        quantity=1,
+        price=100.0,
+        source="test",
+        queued_at=datetime.now(UTC),
+    )
+    manager.enqueue(intent)
+    outside_blackout = datetime(2026, 1, 1, 15, 20, tzinfo=UTC)
+    first_batch = manager.pop_recovery_batch(outside_blackout)
+    assert len(first_batch) == 1
+
+    manager.requeue(first_batch[0])
+    second_batch = manager.pop_recovery_batch(outside_blackout)
+    assert len(second_batch) == 1

tests/test_db.py

@@ -155,6 +155,9 @@ def test_mode_column_exists_in_schema() -> None:
     cursor = conn.execute("PRAGMA table_info(trades)")
     columns = {row[1] for row in cursor.fetchall()}
     assert "mode" in columns
+    assert "session_id" in columns
+    assert "strategy_pnl" in columns
+    assert "fx_pnl" in columns
 
 
 def test_mode_migration_adds_column_to_existing_db() -> None:
@@ -182,6 +185,13 @@ def test_mode_migration_adds_column_to_existing_db() -> None:
                 decision_id TEXT
             )"""
         )
+        old_conn.execute(
+            """
+            INSERT INTO trades (
+                timestamp, stock_code, action, confidence, rationale, quantity, price, pnl
+            ) VALUES ('2026-01-01T00:00:00+00:00', 'AAPL', 'SELL', 90, 'legacy', 1, 100.0, 123.45)
+            """
+        )
         old_conn.commit()
         old_conn.close()
 
@@ -190,6 +200,132 @@ def test_mode_migration_adds_column_to_existing_db() -> None:
         cursor = conn.execute("PRAGMA table_info(trades)")
         columns = {row[1] for row in cursor.fetchall()}
         assert "mode" in columns
+        assert "session_id" in columns
+        assert "strategy_pnl" in columns
+        assert "fx_pnl" in columns
+        migrated = conn.execute(
+            "SELECT pnl, strategy_pnl, fx_pnl, session_id FROM trades WHERE stock_code='AAPL' LIMIT 1"
+        ).fetchone()
+        assert migrated is not None
+        assert migrated[0] == 123.45
+        assert migrated[1] == 123.45
+        assert migrated[2] == 0.0
+        assert migrated[3] == "UNKNOWN"
         conn.close()
     finally:
         os.unlink(db_path)
+
+
+def test_log_trade_stores_strategy_and_fx_pnl_separately() -> None:
+    conn = init_db(":memory:")
+    log_trade(
+        conn=conn,
+        stock_code="AAPL",
+        action="SELL",
+        confidence=90,
+        rationale="fx split",
+        pnl=120.0,
+        strategy_pnl=100.0,
+        fx_pnl=20.0,
+        market="US_NASDAQ",
+        exchange_code="NASD",
+    )
+    row = conn.execute(
+        "SELECT pnl, strategy_pnl, fx_pnl FROM trades ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 1"
+    ).fetchone()
+    assert row is not None
+    assert row[0] == 120.0
+    assert row[1] == 100.0
+    assert row[2] == 20.0
+
+
+def test_log_trade_backward_compat_sets_strategy_pnl_from_pnl() -> None:
+    conn = init_db(":memory:")
+    log_trade(
+        conn=conn,
+        stock_code="005930",
+        action="SELL",
+        confidence=80,
+        rationale="legacy",
+        pnl=50.0,
+        market="KR",
+        exchange_code="KRX",
+    )
+    row = conn.execute(
+        "SELECT pnl, strategy_pnl, fx_pnl FROM trades ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 1"
+    ).fetchone()
+    assert row is not None
+    assert row[0] == 50.0
+    assert row[1] == 50.0
+    assert row[2] == 0.0
+
+
+def test_log_trade_partial_fx_input_does_not_infer_negative_strategy_pnl() -> None:
+    conn = init_db(":memory:")
+    log_trade(
+        conn=conn,
+        stock_code="AAPL",
+        action="SELL",
+        confidence=70,
+        rationale="fx only",
+        pnl=0.0,
+        fx_pnl=10.0,
+        market="US_NASDAQ",
+        exchange_code="NASD",
+    )
+    row = conn.execute(
+        "SELECT pnl, strategy_pnl, fx_pnl FROM trades ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 1"
+    ).fetchone()
+    assert row is not None
+    assert row[0] == 10.0
+    assert row[1] == 0.0
+    assert row[2] == 10.0
+
+
+def test_log_trade_persists_explicit_session_id() -> None:
+    conn = init_db(":memory:")
+    log_trade(
+        conn=conn,
+        stock_code="AAPL",
+        action="BUY",
+        confidence=70,
+        rationale="session test",
+        market="US_NASDAQ",
+        exchange_code="NASD",
+        session_id="US_PRE",
+    )
+    row = conn.execute("SELECT session_id FROM trades ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 1").fetchone()
+    assert row is not None
+    assert row[0] == "US_PRE"
+
+
+def test_log_trade_auto_derives_session_id_when_not_provided() -> None:
+    conn = init_db(":memory:")
+    log_trade(
+        conn=conn,
+        stock_code="005930",
+        action="BUY",
+        confidence=70,
+        rationale="auto session",
+        market="KR",
+        exchange_code="KRX",
+    )
+    row = conn.execute("SELECT session_id FROM trades ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 1").fetchone()
+    assert row is not None
+    assert row[0] != "UNKNOWN"
+
+
+def test_log_trade_unknown_market_falls_back_to_unknown_session() -> None:
+    conn = init_db(":memory:")
+    log_trade(
+        conn=conn,
+        stock_code="X",
+        action="BUY",
+        confidence=70,
+        rationale="unknown market",
+        market="MARS",
+        exchange_code="MARS",
+    )
+    row = conn.execute("SELECT session_id FROM trades ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 1").fetchone()
+    assert row is not None
+    assert row[0] == "UNKNOWN"

tests/test_kill_switch.py

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+import pytest
+
+from src.core.kill_switch import KillSwitchOrchestrator
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_kill_switch_executes_steps_in_order() -> None:
+    ks = KillSwitchOrchestrator()
+    calls: list[str] = []
+
+    async def _cancel() -> None:
+        calls.append("cancel")
+
+    def _refresh() -> None:
+        calls.append("refresh")
+
+    def _reduce() -> None:
+        calls.append("reduce")
+
+    def _snapshot() -> None:
+        calls.append("snapshot")
+
+    def _notify() -> None:
+        calls.append("notify")
+
+    report = await ks.trigger(
+        reason="test",
+        cancel_pending_orders=_cancel,
+        refresh_order_state=_refresh,
+        reduce_risk=_reduce,
+        snapshot_state=_snapshot,
+        notify=_notify,
+    )
+
+    assert report.steps == [
+        "block_new_orders",
+        "cancel_pending_orders",
+        "refresh_order_state",
+        "reduce_risk",
+        "snapshot_state",
+        "notify",
+    ]
+    assert calls == ["cancel", "refresh", "reduce", "snapshot", "notify"]
+    assert report.errors == []
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_kill_switch_collects_step_errors() -> None:
+    ks = KillSwitchOrchestrator()
+
+    def _boom() -> None:
+        raise RuntimeError("boom")
+
+    report = await ks.trigger(reason="test", cancel_pending_orders=_boom)
+    assert any(err.startswith("cancel_pending_orders:") for err in report.errors)

tests/test_main.py

@@ -8,11 +8,15 @@ import pytest
 from src.config import Settings
 from src.context.layer import ContextLayer
 from src.context.scheduler import ScheduleResult
+from src.core.order_policy import OrderPolicyRejected
 from src.core.risk_manager import CircuitBreakerTripped, FatFingerRejected
 from src.db import init_db, log_trade
 from src.evolution.scorecard import DailyScorecard
 from src.logging.decision_logger import DecisionLogger
 from src.main import (
+    KILL_SWITCH,
+    _should_block_overseas_buy_for_fx_buffer,
+    _trigger_emergency_kill_switch,
     _apply_dashboard_flag,
     _determine_order_quantity,
     _extract_avg_price_from_balance,
@@ -25,6 +29,7 @@ from src.main import (
     _start_dashboard_server,
     handle_domestic_pending_orders,
     handle_overseas_pending_orders,
+    process_blackout_recovery_orders,
     run_daily_session,
     safe_float,
     sync_positions_from_broker,
@@ -77,6 +82,14 @@ def _make_sell_match(stock_code: str = "005930") -> ScenarioMatch:
     )
 
 
+@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+def _reset_kill_switch_state() -> None:
+    """Prevent cross-test leakage from global kill-switch state."""
+    KILL_SWITCH.clear_block()
+    yield
+    KILL_SWITCH.clear_block()
+
+
 class TestExtractAvgPriceFromBalance:
     """Tests for _extract_avg_price_from_balance() (issue #249)."""
 
@@ -3678,6 +3691,81 @@ class TestOverseasBrokerIntegration:
         # DB도 브로커도 보유 없음 → BUY 주문이 실행되어야 함 (회귀 테스트)
         overseas_broker.send_overseas_order.assert_called_once()
 
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_overseas_buy_blocked_by_usd_buffer_guard(self) -> None:
+        """Overseas BUY must be blocked when USD buffer would be breached."""
+        db_conn = init_db(":memory:")
+
+        overseas_broker = MagicMock()
+        overseas_broker.get_overseas_price = AsyncMock(
+            return_value={"output": {"last": "182.50"}}
+        )
+        overseas_broker.get_overseas_balance = AsyncMock(
+            return_value={
+                "output1": [],
+                "output2": [
+                    {
+                        "frcr_evlu_tota": "50000.00",
+                        "frcr_buy_amt_smtl": "0.00",
+                    }
+                ],
+            }
+        )
+        overseas_broker.get_overseas_buying_power = AsyncMock(
+            return_value={"output": {"ovrs_ord_psbl_amt": "50000.00"}}
+        )
+        overseas_broker.send_overseas_order = AsyncMock(return_value={"msg1": "주문접수"})
+
+        engine = MagicMock(spec=ScenarioEngine)
+        engine.evaluate = MagicMock(return_value=_make_buy_match("AAPL"))
+
+        market = MagicMock()
+        market.name = "NASDAQ"
+        market.code = "US_NASDAQ"
+        market.exchange_code = "NASD"
+        market.is_domestic = False
+
+        telegram = MagicMock()
+        telegram.notify_trade_execution = AsyncMock()
+        telegram.notify_fat_finger = AsyncMock()
+        telegram.notify_circuit_breaker = AsyncMock()
+        telegram.notify_scenario_matched = AsyncMock()
+
+        decision_logger = MagicMock()
+        decision_logger.log_decision = MagicMock(return_value="decision-id")
+
+        settings = MagicMock()
+        settings.POSITION_SIZING_ENABLED = False
+        settings.CONFIDENCE_THRESHOLD = 80
+        settings.USD_BUFFER_MIN = 49900.0
+        settings.MODE = "paper"
+        settings.PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH = 50000.0
+
+        await trading_cycle(
+            broker=MagicMock(),
+            overseas_broker=overseas_broker,
+            scenario_engine=engine,
+            playbook=_make_playbook(market="US"),
+            risk=MagicMock(),
+            db_conn=db_conn,
+            decision_logger=decision_logger,
+            context_store=MagicMock(
+                get_latest_timeframe=MagicMock(return_value=None),
+                set_context=MagicMock(),
+            ),
+            criticality_assessor=MagicMock(
+                assess_market_conditions=MagicMock(return_value=MagicMock(value="NORMAL")),
+                get_timeout=MagicMock(return_value=5.0),
+            ),
+            telegram=telegram,
+            market=market,
+            stock_code="AAPL",
+            scan_candidates={},
+            settings=settings,
+        )
+
+        overseas_broker.send_overseas_order.assert_not_called()
+
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # _retry_connection — unit tests (issue #209)
@@ -3711,7 +3799,6 @@ class TestRetryConnection:
         with patch("src.main.asyncio.sleep") as mock_sleep:
             mock_sleep.return_value = None
             result = await _retry_connection(flaky, label="flaky")
-
         assert result == "ok"
         assert call_count == 2
         mock_sleep.assert_called_once()
@@ -3766,6 +3853,48 @@ class TestRetryConnection:
         assert call_count == 1  # No retry for non-ConnectionError
 
 
+def test_fx_buffer_guard_applies_only_to_us_and_respects_boundary() -> None:
+    settings = MagicMock()
+    settings.USD_BUFFER_MIN = 1000.0
+
+    us_market = MagicMock()
+    us_market.is_domestic = False
+    us_market.code = "US_NASDAQ"
+
+    blocked, remaining, required = _should_block_overseas_buy_for_fx_buffer(
+        market=us_market,
+        action="BUY",
+        total_cash=5000.0,
+        order_amount=4001.0,
+        settings=settings,
+    )
+    assert blocked
+    assert remaining == 999.0
+    assert required == 1000.0
+
+    blocked_eq, _, _ = _should_block_overseas_buy_for_fx_buffer(
+        market=us_market,
+        action="BUY",
+        total_cash=5000.0,
+        order_amount=4000.0,
+        settings=settings,
+    )
+    assert not blocked_eq
+
+    jp_market = MagicMock()
+    jp_market.is_domestic = False
+    jp_market.code = "JP"
+    blocked_jp, _, required_jp = _should_block_overseas_buy_for_fx_buffer(
+        market=jp_market,
+        action="BUY",
+        total_cash=5000.0,
+        order_amount=4500.0,
+        settings=settings,
+    )
+    assert not blocked_jp
+    assert required_jp == 0.0
+
+
 # run_daily_session — daily CB baseline (daily_start_eval) tests (issue #207)
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -5039,3 +5168,417 @@ class TestOverseasGhostPositionClose:
             and "[ghost-close]" in (c.kwargs.get("rationale") or "")
         ]
         assert not ghost_close_calls, "Ghost-close must NOT be triggered for non-잔고없음 errors"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_kill_switch_block_skips_actionable_order_execution() -> None:
+    """Active kill-switch must prevent actionable order execution."""
+    db_conn = init_db(":memory:")
+    decision_logger = DecisionLogger(db_conn)
+
+    broker = MagicMock()
+    broker.get_current_price = AsyncMock(return_value=(100.0, 0.5, 0.0))
+    broker.get_balance = AsyncMock(
+        return_value={
+            "output1": [],
+            "output2": [
+                {
+                    "tot_evlu_amt": "100000",
+                    "dnca_tot_amt": "50000",
+                    "pchs_amt_smtl_amt": "50000",
+                }
+            ],
+        }
+    )
+    broker.send_order = AsyncMock(return_value={"msg1": "OK"})
+
+    market = MagicMock()
+    market.name = "Korea"
+    market.code = "KR"
+    market.exchange_code = "KRX"
+    market.is_domestic = True
+
+    telegram = MagicMock()
+    telegram.notify_trade_execution = AsyncMock()
+    telegram.notify_fat_finger = AsyncMock()
+    telegram.notify_circuit_breaker = AsyncMock()
+    telegram.notify_scenario_matched = AsyncMock()
+
+    settings = MagicMock()
+    settings.POSITION_SIZING_ENABLED = False
+    settings.CONFIDENCE_THRESHOLD = 80
+
+    try:
+        KILL_SWITCH.new_orders_blocked = True
+        await trading_cycle(
+            broker=broker,
+            overseas_broker=MagicMock(),
+            scenario_engine=MagicMock(evaluate=MagicMock(return_value=_make_buy_match())),
+            playbook=_make_playbook(),
+            risk=MagicMock(),
+            db_conn=db_conn,
+            decision_logger=decision_logger,
+            context_store=MagicMock(
+                get_latest_timeframe=MagicMock(return_value=None),
+                set_context=MagicMock(),
+            ),
+            criticality_assessor=MagicMock(
+                assess_market_conditions=MagicMock(return_value=MagicMock(value="NORMAL")),
+                get_timeout=MagicMock(return_value=5.0),
+            ),
+            telegram=telegram,
+            market=market,
+            stock_code="005930",
+            scan_candidates={},
+            settings=settings,
+        )
+    finally:
+        KILL_SWITCH.clear_block()
+
+    broker.send_order.assert_not_called()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_order_policy_rejection_skips_order_execution() -> None:
+    """Order policy rejection must prevent order submission."""
+    db_conn = init_db(":memory:")
+    decision_logger = DecisionLogger(db_conn)
+
+    broker = MagicMock()
+    broker.get_current_price = AsyncMock(return_value=(100.0, 0.5, 0.0))
+    broker.get_balance = AsyncMock(
+        return_value={
+            "output1": [],
+            "output2": [
+                {
+                    "tot_evlu_amt": "100000",
+                    "dnca_tot_amt": "50000",
+                    "pchs_amt_smtl_amt": "50000",
+                }
+            ],
+        }
+    )
+    broker.send_order = AsyncMock(return_value={"msg1": "OK"})
+
+    market = MagicMock()
+    market.name = "Korea"
+    market.code = "KR"
+    market.exchange_code = "KRX"
+    market.is_domestic = True
+
+    telegram = MagicMock()
+    telegram.notify_trade_execution = AsyncMock()
+    telegram.notify_fat_finger = AsyncMock()
+    telegram.notify_circuit_breaker = AsyncMock()
+    telegram.notify_scenario_matched = AsyncMock()
+
+    settings = MagicMock()
+    settings.POSITION_SIZING_ENABLED = False
+    settings.CONFIDENCE_THRESHOLD = 80
+
+    with patch(
+        "src.main.validate_order_policy",
+        side_effect=OrderPolicyRejected(
+            "rejected",
+            session_id="NXT_AFTER",
+            market_code="KR",
+        ),
+    ):
+        await trading_cycle(
+            broker=broker,
+            overseas_broker=MagicMock(),
+            scenario_engine=MagicMock(evaluate=MagicMock(return_value=_make_buy_match())),
+            playbook=_make_playbook(),
+            risk=MagicMock(),
+            db_conn=db_conn,
+            decision_logger=decision_logger,
+            context_store=MagicMock(
+                get_latest_timeframe=MagicMock(return_value=None),
+                set_context=MagicMock(),
+            ),
+            criticality_assessor=MagicMock(
+                assess_market_conditions=MagicMock(return_value=MagicMock(value="NORMAL")),
+                get_timeout=MagicMock(return_value=5.0),
+            ),
+            telegram=telegram,
+            market=market,
+            stock_code="005930",
+            scan_candidates={},
+            settings=settings,
+        )
+
+    broker.send_order.assert_not_called()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_blackout_queues_order_and_skips_submission() -> None:
+    """When blackout is active, order submission is replaced by queueing."""
+    db_conn = init_db(":memory:")
+    decision_logger = DecisionLogger(db_conn)
+
+    broker = MagicMock()
+    broker.get_current_price = AsyncMock(return_value=(100.0, 0.5, 0.0))
+    broker.get_balance = AsyncMock(
+        return_value={
+            "output1": [],
+            "output2": [
+                {
+                    "tot_evlu_amt": "100000",
+                    "dnca_tot_amt": "50000",
+                    "pchs_amt_smtl_amt": "50000",
+                }
+            ],
+        }
+    )
+    broker.send_order = AsyncMock(return_value={"msg1": "OK"})
+
+    market = MagicMock()
+    market.name = "Korea"
+    market.code = "KR"
+    market.exchange_code = "KRX"
+    market.is_domestic = True
+
+    settings = MagicMock()
+    settings.POSITION_SIZING_ENABLED = False
+    settings.CONFIDENCE_THRESHOLD = 80
+
+    telegram = MagicMock()
+    telegram.notify_trade_execution = AsyncMock()
+    telegram.notify_fat_finger = AsyncMock()
+    telegram.notify_circuit_breaker = AsyncMock()
+    telegram.notify_scenario_matched = AsyncMock()
+
+    blackout_manager = MagicMock()
+    blackout_manager.in_blackout.return_value = True
+    blackout_manager.enqueue.return_value = True
+    blackout_manager.pending_count = 1
+
+    with patch("src.main.BLACKOUT_ORDER_MANAGER", blackout_manager):
+        await trading_cycle(
+            broker=broker,
+            overseas_broker=MagicMock(),
+            scenario_engine=MagicMock(evaluate=MagicMock(return_value=_make_buy_match())),
+            playbook=_make_playbook(),
+            risk=MagicMock(),
+            db_conn=db_conn,
+            decision_logger=decision_logger,
+            context_store=MagicMock(
+                get_latest_timeframe=MagicMock(return_value=None),
+                set_context=MagicMock(),
+            ),
+            criticality_assessor=MagicMock(
+                assess_market_conditions=MagicMock(return_value=MagicMock(value="NORMAL")),
+                get_timeout=MagicMock(return_value=5.0),
+            ),
+            telegram=telegram,
+            market=market,
+            stock_code="005930",
+            scan_candidates={},
+            settings=settings,
+        )
+
+    broker.send_order.assert_not_called()
+    blackout_manager.enqueue.assert_called_once()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_process_blackout_recovery_executes_valid_intents() -> None:
+    """Recovery must execute queued intents that pass revalidation."""
+    db_conn = init_db(":memory:")
+    broker = MagicMock()
+    broker.send_order = AsyncMock(return_value={"rt_cd": "0", "msg1": "OK"})
+    overseas_broker = MagicMock()
+
+    market = MagicMock()
+    market.code = "KR"
+    market.exchange_code = "KRX"
+    market.is_domestic = True
+
+    intent = MagicMock()
+    intent.market_code = "KR"
+    intent.stock_code = "005930"
+    intent.order_type = "BUY"
+    intent.quantity = 1
+    intent.price = 100.0
+    intent.source = "test"
+    intent.attempts = 0
+
+    blackout_manager = MagicMock()
+    blackout_manager.pop_recovery_batch.return_value = [intent]
+
+    with (
+        patch("src.main.BLACKOUT_ORDER_MANAGER", blackout_manager),
+        patch("src.main.MARKETS", {"KR": market}),
+        patch("src.main.get_open_position", return_value=None),
+        patch("src.main.validate_order_policy"),
+    ):
+        await process_blackout_recovery_orders(
+            broker=broker,
+            overseas_broker=overseas_broker,
+            db_conn=db_conn,
+        )
+
+    broker.send_order.assert_called_once()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_process_blackout_recovery_drops_policy_rejected_intent() -> None:
+    """Policy-rejected queued intents must not be requeued."""
+    db_conn = init_db(":memory:")
+    broker = MagicMock()
+    broker.send_order = AsyncMock(return_value={"rt_cd": "0", "msg1": "OK"})
+    overseas_broker = MagicMock()
+
+    market = MagicMock()
+    market.code = "KR"
+    market.exchange_code = "KRX"
+    market.is_domestic = True
+
+    intent = MagicMock()
+    intent.market_code = "KR"
+    intent.stock_code = "005930"
+    intent.order_type = "BUY"
+    intent.quantity = 1
+    intent.price = 100.0
+    intent.source = "test"
+    intent.attempts = 0
+
+    blackout_manager = MagicMock()
+    blackout_manager.pop_recovery_batch.return_value = [intent]
+
+    with (
+        patch("src.main.BLACKOUT_ORDER_MANAGER", blackout_manager),
+        patch("src.main.MARKETS", {"KR": market}),
+        patch("src.main.get_open_position", return_value=None),
+        patch(
+            "src.main.validate_order_policy",
+            side_effect=OrderPolicyRejected(
+                "blocked",
+                session_id="NXT_AFTER",
+                market_code="KR",
+            ),
+        ),
+    ):
+        await process_blackout_recovery_orders(
+            broker=broker,
+            overseas_broker=overseas_broker,
+            db_conn=db_conn,
+        )
+
+    broker.send_order.assert_not_called()
+    blackout_manager.requeue.assert_not_called()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_trigger_emergency_kill_switch_executes_operational_steps() -> None:
+    """Emergency kill switch should execute cancel/refresh/reduce/notify callbacks."""
+    broker = MagicMock()
+    broker.get_domestic_pending_orders = AsyncMock(
+        return_value=[
+            {
+                "pdno": "005930",
+                "orgn_odno": "1",
+                "ord_gno_brno": "01",
+                "psbl_qty": "3",
+            }
+        ]
+    )
+    broker.cancel_domestic_order = AsyncMock(return_value={"rt_cd": "0"})
+    broker.get_balance = AsyncMock(return_value={"output1": [], "output2": []})
+
+    overseas_broker = MagicMock()
+    overseas_broker.get_overseas_pending_orders = AsyncMock(return_value=[])
+    overseas_broker.get_overseas_balance = AsyncMock(return_value={"output1": [], "output2": []})
+
+    telegram = MagicMock()
+    telegram.notify_circuit_breaker = AsyncMock()
+
+    settings = MagicMock()
+    settings.enabled_market_list = ["KR"]
+
+    market = MagicMock()
+    market.code = "KR"
+    market.exchange_code = "KRX"
+    market.is_domestic = True
+
+    with (
+        patch("src.main.MARKETS", {"KR": market}),
+        patch("src.main.BLACKOUT_ORDER_MANAGER.clear", return_value=2),
+    ):
+        report = await _trigger_emergency_kill_switch(
+            reason="test",
+            broker=broker,
+            overseas_broker=overseas_broker,
+            telegram=telegram,
+            settings=settings,
+            current_market=market,
+            stock_code="005930",
+            pnl_pct=-3.2,
+            threshold=-3.0,
+        )
+
+    assert report.steps == [
+        "block_new_orders",
+        "cancel_pending_orders",
+        "refresh_order_state",
+        "reduce_risk",
+        "snapshot_state",
+        "notify",
+    ]
+    broker.cancel_domestic_order.assert_called_once()
+    broker.get_balance.assert_called_once()
+    telegram.notify_circuit_breaker.assert_called_once_with(
+        pnl_pct=-3.2,
+        threshold=-3.0,
+    )
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_trigger_emergency_kill_switch_records_cancel_failure() -> None:
+    """Cancel API rejection should be captured in kill switch errors."""
+    broker = MagicMock()
+    broker.get_domestic_pending_orders = AsyncMock(
+        return_value=[
+            {
+                "pdno": "005930",
+                "orgn_odno": "1",
+                "ord_gno_brno": "01",
+                "psbl_qty": "3",
+            }
+        ]
+    )
+    broker.cancel_domestic_order = AsyncMock(return_value={"rt_cd": "1", "msg1": "fail"})
+    broker.get_balance = AsyncMock(return_value={"output1": [], "output2": []})
+
+    overseas_broker = MagicMock()
+    overseas_broker.get_overseas_pending_orders = AsyncMock(return_value=[])
+    overseas_broker.get_overseas_balance = AsyncMock(return_value={"output1": [], "output2": []})
+
+    telegram = MagicMock()
+    telegram.notify_circuit_breaker = AsyncMock()
+
+    settings = MagicMock()
+    settings.enabled_market_list = ["KR"]
+
+    market = MagicMock()
+    market.code = "KR"
+    market.exchange_code = "KRX"
+    market.is_domestic = True
+
+    with (
+        patch("src.main.MARKETS", {"KR": market}),
+        patch("src.main.BLACKOUT_ORDER_MANAGER.clear", return_value=0),
+    ):
+        report = await _trigger_emergency_kill_switch(
+            reason="test-fail",
+            broker=broker,
+            overseas_broker=overseas_broker,
+            telegram=telegram,
+            settings=settings,
+            current_market=market,
+            stock_code="005930",
+            pnl_pct=-3.2,
+            threshold=-3.0,
+        )
+
+    assert any(err.startswith("cancel_pending_orders:") for err in report.errors)

tests/test_order_policy.py

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
+
+import pytest
+
+from src.core.order_policy import OrderPolicyRejected, classify_session_id, validate_order_policy
+from src.markets.schedule import MARKETS
+
+
+def test_classify_kr_nxt_after() -> None:
+    # 2026-02-26 16:00 KST == 07:00 UTC
+    now = datetime(2026, 2, 26, 7, 0, tzinfo=UTC)
+    assert classify_session_id(MARKETS["KR"], now) == "NXT_AFTER"
+
+
+def test_classify_us_pre() -> None:
+    # 2026-02-26 19:00 KST == 10:00 UTC
+    now = datetime(2026, 2, 26, 10, 0, tzinfo=UTC)
+    assert classify_session_id(MARKETS["US_NASDAQ"], now) == "US_PRE"
+
+
+def test_reject_market_order_in_low_liquidity_session() -> None:
+    now = datetime(2026, 2, 26, 10, 0, tzinfo=UTC)  # 19:00 KST -> US_PRE
+    with pytest.raises(OrderPolicyRejected):
+        validate_order_policy(
+            market=MARKETS["US_NASDAQ"],
+            order_type="BUY",
+            price=0.0,
+            now=now,
+        )
+
+
+def test_allow_limit_order_in_low_liquidity_session() -> None:
+    now = datetime(2026, 2, 26, 10, 0, tzinfo=UTC)  # 19:00 KST -> US_PRE
+    info = validate_order_policy(
+        market=MARKETS["US_NASDAQ"],
+        order_type="BUY",
+        price=100.0,
+        now=now,
+    )
+    assert info.session_id == "US_PRE"

tests/test_strategy_exit_rules.py

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+from src.strategy.exit_rules import ExitRuleConfig, ExitRuleInput, evaluate_exit
+from src.strategy.position_state_machine import PositionState
+
+
+def test_hard_stop_exit() -> None:
+    out = evaluate_exit(
+        current_state=PositionState.HOLDING,
+        config=ExitRuleConfig(hard_stop_pct=-2.0, arm_pct=3.0),
+        inp=ExitRuleInput(current_price=97.0, entry_price=100.0, peak_price=100.0),
+    )
+    assert out.should_exit is True
+    assert out.reason == "hard_stop"
+
+
+def test_take_profit_exit_for_backward_compatibility() -> None:
+    out = evaluate_exit(
+        current_state=PositionState.HOLDING,
+        config=ExitRuleConfig(hard_stop_pct=-2.0, arm_pct=3.0),
+        inp=ExitRuleInput(current_price=104.0, entry_price=100.0, peak_price=104.0),
+    )
+    assert out.should_exit is True
+    assert out.reason == "arm_take_profit"
+
+
+def test_model_assist_exit_signal() -> None:
+    out = evaluate_exit(
+        current_state=PositionState.ARMED,
+        config=ExitRuleConfig(model_prob_threshold=0.62, arm_pct=10.0),
+        inp=ExitRuleInput(
+            current_price=101.0,
+            entry_price=100.0,
+            peak_price=105.0,
+            pred_down_prob=0.8,
+            liquidity_weak=True,
+        ),
+    )
+    assert out.should_exit is True
+    assert out.reason == "model_liquidity_exit"

tests/test_strategy_state_machine.py

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+from src.strategy.position_state_machine import (
+    PositionState,
+    StateTransitionInput,
+    promote_state,
+)
+
+
+def test_gap_jump_promotes_to_armed_directly() -> None:
+    state = promote_state(
+        PositionState.HOLDING,
+        StateTransitionInput(
+            unrealized_pnl_pct=4.0,
+            be_arm_pct=1.2,
+            arm_pct=2.8,
+        ),
+    )
+    assert state == PositionState.ARMED
+
+
+def test_exited_has_priority_over_promotion() -> None:
+    state = promote_state(
+        PositionState.HOLDING,
+        StateTransitionInput(
+            unrealized_pnl_pct=5.0,
+            be_arm_pct=1.2,
+            arm_pct=2.8,
+            hard_stop_hit=True,
+        ),
+    )
+    assert state == PositionState.EXITED

tests/test_triple_barrier.py

@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from src.analysis.triple_barrier import TripleBarrierSpec, label_with_triple_barrier
+
+
+def test_long_take_profit_first() -> None:
+    highs = [100, 101, 103]
+    lows = [100, 99.6, 100]
+    closes = [100, 100, 102]
+    spec = TripleBarrierSpec(take_profit_pct=0.02, stop_loss_pct=0.01, max_holding_bars=3)
+    out = label_with_triple_barrier(
+        highs=highs,
+        lows=lows,
+        closes=closes,
+        entry_index=0,
+        side=1,
+        spec=spec,
+    )
+    assert out.label == 1
+    assert out.touched == "take_profit"
+    assert out.touch_bar == 2
+
+
+def test_long_stop_loss_first() -> None:
+    highs = [100, 100.5, 101]
+    lows = [100, 98.8, 99]
+    closes = [100, 99.5, 100]
+    spec = TripleBarrierSpec(take_profit_pct=0.02, stop_loss_pct=0.01, max_holding_bars=3)
+    out = label_with_triple_barrier(
+        highs=highs,
+        lows=lows,
+        closes=closes,
+        entry_index=0,
+        side=1,
+        spec=spec,
+    )
+    assert out.label == -1
+    assert out.touched == "stop_loss"
+    assert out.touch_bar == 1
+
+
+def test_time_barrier_timeout() -> None:
+    highs = [100, 100.8, 100.7]
+    lows = [100, 99.3, 99.4]
+    closes = [100, 100, 100]
+    spec = TripleBarrierSpec(take_profit_pct=0.02, stop_loss_pct=0.02, max_holding_bars=2)
+    out = label_with_triple_barrier(
+        highs=highs,
+        lows=lows,
+        closes=closes,
+        entry_index=0,
+        side=1,
+        spec=spec,
+    )
+    assert out.label == 0
+    assert out.touched == "time"
+    assert out.touch_bar == 2
+
+
+def test_tie_break_stop_first_default() -> None:
+    highs = [100, 102.1]
+    lows = [100, 98.9]
+    closes = [100, 100]
+    spec = TripleBarrierSpec(take_profit_pct=0.02, stop_loss_pct=0.01, max_holding_bars=1)
+    out = label_with_triple_barrier(
+        highs=highs,
+        lows=lows,
+        closes=closes,
+        entry_index=0,
+        side=1,
+        spec=spec,
+    )
+    assert out.label == -1
+    assert out.touched == "stop_loss"
+
+
+def test_short_side_inverts_barrier_semantics() -> None:
+    highs = [100, 100.5, 101.2]
+    lows = [100, 97.8, 98.0]
+    closes = [100, 99, 99]
+    spec = TripleBarrierSpec(take_profit_pct=0.02, stop_loss_pct=0.01, max_holding_bars=3)
+    out = label_with_triple_barrier(
+        highs=highs,
+        lows=lows,
+        closes=closes,
+        entry_index=0,
+        side=-1,
+        spec=spec,
+    )
+    assert out.label == 1
+    assert out.touched == "take_profit"
+
+
+def test_short_tie_break_modes() -> None:
+    highs = [100, 101.1]
+    lows = [100, 97.9]
+    closes = [100, 100]
+
+    stop_first = TripleBarrierSpec(
+        take_profit_pct=0.02,
+        stop_loss_pct=0.01,
+        max_holding_bars=1,
+        tie_break="stop_first",
+    )
+    out_stop = label_with_triple_barrier(
+        highs=highs,
+        lows=lows,
+        closes=closes,
+        entry_index=0,
+        side=-1,
+        spec=stop_first,
+    )
+    assert out_stop.label == -1
+    assert out_stop.touched == "stop_loss"
+
+    take_first = TripleBarrierSpec(
+        take_profit_pct=0.02,
+        stop_loss_pct=0.01,
+        max_holding_bars=1,
+        tie_break="take_first",
+    )
+    out_take = label_with_triple_barrier(
+        highs=highs,
+        lows=lows,
+        closes=closes,
+        entry_index=0,
+        side=-1,
+        spec=take_first,
+    )
+    assert out_take.label == 1
+    assert out_take.touched == "take_profit"

tests/test_walk_forward_split.py

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import pytest
+
+from src.analysis.walk_forward_split import generate_walk_forward_splits
+
+
+def test_generates_sequential_folds() -> None:
+    folds = generate_walk_forward_splits(
+        n_samples=30,
+        train_size=10,
+        test_size=5,
+    )
+    assert len(folds) == 4
+    assert folds[0].train_indices == list(range(0, 10))
+    assert folds[0].test_indices == list(range(10, 15))
+    assert folds[1].train_indices == list(range(5, 15))
+    assert folds[1].test_indices == list(range(15, 20))
+
+
+def test_purge_removes_boundary_samples_before_test() -> None:
+    folds = generate_walk_forward_splits(
+        n_samples=25,
+        train_size=8,
+        test_size=4,
+        purge_size=2,
+    )
+    first = folds[0]
+    # test starts at 10, purge=2 => train end must be 7
+    assert first.train_indices == list(range(0, 8))
+    assert first.test_indices == list(range(10, 14))
+
+
+def test_embargo_excludes_post_test_samples_from_next_train() -> None:
+    folds = generate_walk_forward_splits(
+        n_samples=45,
+        train_size=15,
+        test_size=5,
+        step_size=10,
+        embargo_size=3,
+    )
+    assert len(folds) >= 2
+    # Fold1 test: 15..19, next fold train window: 10..24.
+    # embargo_size=3 should remove 20,21,22 from fold2 train.
+    second_train = folds[1].train_indices
+    assert 20 not in second_train
+    assert 21 not in second_train
+    assert 22 not in second_train
+    assert 23 in second_train
+
+
+def test_respects_min_train_size_and_returns_empty_when_impossible() -> None:
+    folds = generate_walk_forward_splits(
+        n_samples=15,
+        train_size=5,
+        test_size=5,
+        min_train_size=6,
+    )
+    assert folds == []
+
+
+def test_embargo_uses_last_accepted_fold_when_intermediate_fold_skips() -> None:
+    folds = generate_walk_forward_splits(
+        n_samples=30,
+        train_size=5,
+        test_size=3,
+        step_size=5,
+        embargo_size=1,
+        min_train_size=5,
+    )
+    # 1st fold accepted, 2nd skipped by min_train_size, subsequent folds still generated.
+    assert len(folds) == 3
+    assert folds[0].test_indices == [5, 6, 7]
+    assert folds[1].test_indices == [15, 16, 17]
+    assert folds[2].test_indices == [25, 26, 27]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("n_samples", "train_size", "test_size"),
+    [
+        (0, 10, 2),
+        (10, 0, 2),
+        (10, 5, 0),
+    ],
+)
+def test_invalid_args_raise(n_samples: int, train_size: int, test_size: int) -> None:
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+        generate_walk_forward_splits(
+            n_samples=n_samples,
+            train_size=train_size,
+            test_size=test_size,
+        )