fix: overseas order rt_cd check, limit price premium, paper cash fallback (#151)

Three fixes for overseas stock trading failures:

1. Price API exchange code mapping:
   - get_overseas_price() now applies _PRICE_EXCHANGE_MAP (NASD→NAS, NYSE→NYS, AMEX→AMS)
   - Price API HHDFS00000300 requires short exchange codes same as ranking API

2. rt_cd check in send_overseas_order():
   - Log WARNING (not INFO) when rt_cd != "0" (e.g., "주문가능금액이 부족합니다")
   - Caller (main.py) checks rt_cd == "0" before calling log_trade()
   - Prevents DB from recording failed orders as successful trades

3. Limit order price premium for BUY:
   - BUY limit price = current_price * 1.005 (0.5% premium)
   - SELL limit price = current_price (no premium)
   - Improves fill probability: KIS VTS only accepts limit orders,
     and last price is typically at or below ask

4. PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH fallback (config + main.py):
   - New setting: PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH = 50000.0 (USD)
   - When VTS overseas balance API fails/returns 0, use this as simulated cash
   - Applied in both trading_cycle() and run_daily_session()

5. Candidate price fallback:
   - If price API returns 0, use scanner candidate price as fallback

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

src/broker/overseas.py

@@ -257,14 +257,27 @@ class OverseasBroker:
                         f"send_overseas_order failed ({resp.status}): {text}"
                     )
                 data = await resp.json()
-                logger.info(
-                    "Overseas order submitted",
-                    extra={
-                        "exchange": exchange_code,
-                        "stock_code": stock_code,
-                        "action": order_type,
-                    },
-                )
+                rt_cd = data.get("rt_cd", "")
+                msg1 = data.get("msg1", "")
+                if rt_cd == "0":
+                    logger.info(
+                        "Overseas order submitted",
+                        extra={
+                            "exchange": exchange_code,
+                            "stock_code": stock_code,
+                            "action": order_type,
+                        },
+                    )
+                else:
+                    logger.warning(
+                        "Overseas order rejected (rt_cd=%s): %s [%s %s %s qty=%d]",
+                        rt_cd,
+                        msg1,
+                        order_type,
+                        stock_code,
+                        exchange_code,
+                        quantity,
+                    )
                 return data
         except (TimeoutError, aiohttp.ClientError) as exc:
             raise ConnectionError(

src/main.py

@@ -239,32 +239,29 @@ async def trading_cycle(
         total_cash = safe_float(balance_info.get("frcr_dncl_amt_2", "0") or "0")
         purchase_total = safe_float(balance_info.get("frcr_buy_amt_smtl", "0") or "0")
 
-        # VTS (paper trading) overseas balance API often returns 0 or errors.
-        # Fall back to configured paper cash so BUY orders can be sized.
+        # Paper mode fallback: VTS overseas balance API often fails for many accounts.
         if total_cash <= 0 and settings and settings.PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH > 0:
             logger.debug(
-                "Overseas cash balance is 0 for %s; using paper fallback %.2f",
-                stock_code,
+                "Overseas cash balance is 0 for %s; using paper fallback %.2f USD",
+                market.exchange_code,
                 settings.PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH,
             )
             total_cash = settings.PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH
 
         current_price = safe_float(price_data.get("output", {}).get("last", "0"))
-        foreigner_net = 0.0  # Not available for overseas
-        price_change_pct = safe_float(price_data.get("output", {}).get("rate", "0"))
-
-        # Price API may return 0/empty for certain VTS exchange codes.
-        # Fall back to the scanner candidate's price so order sizing still works.
+        # Fallback: if price API returns 0, use scanner candidate price
         if current_price <= 0:
             market_candidates_lookup = scan_candidates.get(market.code, {})
             cand_lookup = market_candidates_lookup.get(stock_code)
             if cand_lookup and cand_lookup.price > 0:
-                current_price = cand_lookup.price
                 logger.debug(
-                    "Price API returned 0 for %s; using scanner price %.4f",
+                    "Price API returned 0 for %s; using scanner candidate price %.4f",
                     stock_code,
-                    current_price,
+                    cand_lookup.price,
                 )
+                current_price = cand_lookup.price
+        foreigner_net = 0.0  # Not available for overseas
+        price_change_pct = safe_float(price_data.get("output", {}).get("rate", "0"))
 
     # Calculate daily P&L %
     pnl_pct = (
@@ -497,6 +494,7 @@ async def trading_cycle(
             raise  # Re-raise to prevent trade
 
         # 5. Send order
+        order_succeeded = True
         if market.is_domestic:
             result = await broker.send_order(
                 stock_code=stock_code,
@@ -505,29 +503,48 @@ async def trading_cycle(
                 price=0,  # market order
             )
         else:
+            # For overseas orders:
+            # - KIS VTS only accepts limit orders (지정가만 가능)
+            # - BUY: use 0.5% premium over last price to improve fill probability
+            #   (ask price is typically slightly above last, and VTS won't fill below ask)
+            # - SELL: use last price as the limit
+            if decision.action == "BUY":
+                order_price = round(current_price * 1.005, 4)
+            else:
+                order_price = current_price
             result = await overseas_broker.send_overseas_order(
                 exchange_code=market.exchange_code,
                 stock_code=stock_code,
                 order_type=decision.action,
                 quantity=quantity,
-                price=0.0,  # market order
+                price=order_price,  # limit order — KIS VTS rejects market orders
             )
+            # Check if KIS rejected the order (rt_cd != "0")
+            if result.get("rt_cd", "") != "0":
+                order_succeeded = False
+                logger.warning(
+                    "Overseas order not accepted for %s: rt_cd=%s msg=%s",
+                    stock_code,
+                    result.get("rt_cd"),
+                    result.get("msg1"),
+                )
         logger.info("Order result: %s", result.get("msg1", "OK"))
 
-        # 5.5. Notify trade execution
-        try:
-            await telegram.notify_trade_execution(
-                stock_code=stock_code,
-                market=market.name,
-                action=decision.action,
-                quantity=quantity,
-                price=current_price,
-                confidence=decision.confidence,
-            )
-        except Exception as exc:
-            logger.warning("Telegram notification failed: %s", exc)
+        # 5.5. Notify trade execution (only on success)
+        if order_succeeded:
+            try:
+                await telegram.notify_trade_execution(
+                    stock_code=stock_code,
+                    market=market.name,
+                    action=decision.action,
+                    quantity=quantity,
+                    price=current_price,
+                    confidence=decision.confidence,
+                )
+            except Exception as exc:
+                logger.warning("Telegram notification failed: %s", exc)
 
-        if decision.action == "SELL":
+        if decision.action == "SELL" and order_succeeded:
             buy_trade = get_latest_buy_trade(db_conn, stock_code, market.code)
             if buy_trade and buy_trade.get("price") is not None:
                 buy_price = float(buy_trade["price"])
@@ -539,7 +556,9 @@ async def trading_cycle(
                     accuracy=1 if trade_pnl > 0 else 0,
                 )
 
-    # 6. Log trade with selection context
+    # 6. Log trade with selection context (skip if order was rejected)
+    if decision.action in ("BUY", "SELL") and not order_succeeded:
+        return
     selection_context = None
     if stock_code in market_candidates:
         candidate = market_candidates[stock_code]
@@ -711,20 +730,20 @@ async def run_daily_session(
                     current_price = safe_float(
                         price_data.get("output", {}).get("last", "0")
                     )
+                    # Fallback: if price API returns 0, use scanner candidate price
+                    if current_price <= 0:
+                        cand_lookup = candidate_map.get(stock_code)
+                        if cand_lookup and cand_lookup.price > 0:
+                            logger.debug(
+                                "Price API returned 0 for %s; using scanner candidate price %.4f",
+                                stock_code,
+                                cand_lookup.price,
+                            )
+                            current_price = cand_lookup.price
                     foreigner_net = 0.0
                     price_change_pct = safe_float(
                         price_data.get("output", {}).get("rate", "0")
                     )
-                    # Fall back to scanner candidate price if API returns 0.
-                    if current_price <= 0:
-                        cand_lookup = candidate_map.get(stock_code)
-                        if cand_lookup and cand_lookup.price > 0:
-                            current_price = cand_lookup.price
-                            logger.debug(
-                                "Price API returned 0 for %s; using scanner price %.4f",
-                                stock_code,
-                                current_price,
-                            )
 
                 stock_data: dict[str, Any] = {
                     "stock_code": stock_code,
@@ -775,8 +794,7 @@ async def run_daily_session(
             purchase_total = safe_float(
                 balance_info.get("frcr_buy_amt_smtl", "0") or "0"
             )
-
-            # VTS overseas balance API often returns 0; use paper fallback.
+            # Paper mode fallback: VTS overseas balance API often fails for many accounts.
             if total_cash <= 0 and settings.PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH > 0:
                 total_cash = settings.PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH
 
@@ -853,6 +871,7 @@ async def run_daily_session(
             quantity = 0
             trade_price = stock_data["current_price"]
             trade_pnl = 0.0
+            order_succeeded = True
             if decision.action in ("BUY", "SELL"):
                 quantity = _determine_order_quantity(
                     action=decision.action,
@@ -905,6 +924,7 @@ async def run_daily_session(
                     raise
 
                 # Send order
+                order_succeeded = True
                 try:
                     if market.is_domestic:
                         result = await broker.send_order(
@@ -914,34 +934,48 @@ async def run_daily_session(
                             price=0,  # market order
                         )
                     else:
+                        # KIS VTS only accepts limit orders; use 0.5% premium for BUY
+                        if decision.action == "BUY":
+                            order_price = round(stock_data["current_price"] * 1.005, 4)
+                        else:
+                            order_price = stock_data["current_price"]
                         result = await overseas_broker.send_overseas_order(
                             exchange_code=market.exchange_code,
                             stock_code=stock_code,
                             order_type=decision.action,
                             quantity=quantity,
-                            price=0.0,  # market order
+                            price=order_price,  # limit order
                         )
+                        if result.get("rt_cd", "") != "0":
+                            order_succeeded = False
+                            logger.warning(
+                                "Overseas order not accepted for %s: rt_cd=%s msg=%s",
+                                stock_code,
+                                result.get("rt_cd"),
+                                result.get("msg1"),
+                            )
                     logger.info("Order result: %s", result.get("msg1", "OK"))
 
-                    # Notify trade execution
-                    try:
-                        await telegram.notify_trade_execution(
-                            stock_code=stock_code,
-                            market=market.name,
-                            action=decision.action,
-                            quantity=quantity,
-                            price=stock_data["current_price"],
-                            confidence=decision.confidence,
-                        )
-                    except Exception as exc:
-                        logger.warning("Telegram notification failed: %s", exc)
+                    # Notify trade execution (only on success)
+                    if order_succeeded:
+                        try:
+                            await telegram.notify_trade_execution(
+                                stock_code=stock_code,
+                                market=market.name,
+                                action=decision.action,
+                                quantity=quantity,
+                                price=stock_data["current_price"],
+                                confidence=decision.confidence,
+                            )
+                        except Exception as exc:
+                            logger.warning("Telegram notification failed: %s", exc)
                 except Exception as exc:
                     logger.error(
                         "Order execution failed for %s: %s", stock_code, exc
                     )
                     continue
 
-                if decision.action == "SELL":
+                if decision.action == "SELL" and order_succeeded:
                     buy_trade = get_latest_buy_trade(db_conn, stock_code, market.code)
                     if buy_trade and buy_trade.get("price") is not None:
                         buy_price = float(buy_trade["price"])
@@ -953,7 +987,9 @@ async def run_daily_session(
                             accuracy=1 if trade_pnl > 0 else 0,
                         )
 
-            # Log trade
+            # Log trade (skip if order was rejected by API)
+            if decision.action in ("BUY", "SELL") and not order_succeeded:
+                continue
             log_trade(
                 conn=db_conn,
                 stock_code=stock_code,

src/strategy/pre_market_planner.py

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 """Pre-market planner — generates DayPlaybook via Gemini before market open.
 
 One Gemini API call per market per day. Candidates come from SmartVolatilityScanner.
-On failure, returns a smart rule-based fallback playbook that uses scanner signals
-(momentum/oversold) to generate BUY conditions, avoiding the all-HOLD problem.
+On failure, returns a defensive playbook (all HOLD, no trades).
 """
 
 from __future__ import annotations
@@ -135,7 +134,7 @@ class PreMarketPlanner:
         except Exception:
             logger.exception("Playbook generation failed for %s", market)
             if self._settings.DEFENSIVE_PLAYBOOK_ON_FAILURE:
-                return self._smart_fallback_playbook(today, market, candidates, self._settings)
+                return self._defensive_playbook(today, market, candidates)
             return self._empty_playbook(today, market)
 
     def build_cross_market_context(
@@ -471,99 +470,3 @@ class PreMarketPlanner:
                 ),
             ],
         )
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def _smart_fallback_playbook(
-        today: date,
-        market: str,
-        candidates: list[ScanCandidate],
-        settings: Settings,
-    ) -> DayPlaybook:
-        """Rule-based fallback playbook when Gemini is unavailable.
-
-        Uses scanner signals (RSI, volume_ratio) to generate meaningful BUY
-        conditions instead of the all-SELL defensive playbook.  Candidates are
-        already pre-qualified by SmartVolatilityScanner, so we trust their
-        signals and build actionable scenarios from them.
-
-        Scenario logic per candidate:
-        - momentum signal: BUY when volume_ratio exceeds scanner threshold
-        - oversold signal: BUY when RSI is below oversold threshold
-        - always: SELL stop-loss at -3.0% as guard
-        """
-        stock_playbooks = []
-        for c in candidates:
-            scenarios: list[StockScenario] = []
-
-            if c.signal == "momentum":
-                scenarios.append(
-                    StockScenario(
-                        condition=StockCondition(
-                            volume_ratio_above=settings.VOL_MULTIPLIER,
-                        ),
-                        action=ScenarioAction.BUY,
-                        confidence=80,
-                        allocation_pct=10.0,
-                        stop_loss_pct=-3.0,
-                        take_profit_pct=5.0,
-                        rationale=(
-                            f"Rule-based BUY: momentum signal, "
-                            f"volume={c.volume_ratio:.1f}x (fallback planner)"
-                        ),
-                    )
-                )
-            elif c.signal == "oversold":
-                scenarios.append(
-                    StockScenario(
-                        condition=StockCondition(
-                            rsi_below=settings.RSI_OVERSOLD_THRESHOLD,
-                        ),
-                        action=ScenarioAction.BUY,
-                        confidence=80,
-                        allocation_pct=10.0,
-                        stop_loss_pct=-3.0,
-                        take_profit_pct=5.0,
-                        rationale=(
-                            f"Rule-based BUY: oversold signal, "
-                            f"RSI={c.rsi:.0f} (fallback planner)"
-                        ),
-                    )
-                )
-
-            # Always add stop-loss guard
-            scenarios.append(
-                StockScenario(
-                    condition=StockCondition(price_change_pct_below=-3.0),
-                    action=ScenarioAction.SELL,
-                    confidence=90,
-                    stop_loss_pct=-3.0,
-                    rationale="Rule-based stop-loss (fallback planner)",
-                )
-            )
-
-            stock_playbooks.append(
-                StockPlaybook(
-                    stock_code=c.stock_code,
-                    scenarios=scenarios,
-                )
-            )
-
-        logger.info(
-            "Smart fallback playbook for %s: %d stocks with rule-based BUY/SELL conditions",
-            market,
-            len(stock_playbooks),
-        )
-        return DayPlaybook(
-            date=today,
-            market=market,
-            market_outlook=MarketOutlook.NEUTRAL,
-            default_action=ScenarioAction.HOLD,
-            stock_playbooks=stock_playbooks,
-            global_rules=[
-                GlobalRule(
-                    condition="portfolio_pnl_pct < -2.0",
-                    action=ScenarioAction.REDUCE_ALL,
-                    rationale="Defensive: reduce on loss threshold",
-                ),
-            ],
-        )

tests/test_overseas_broker.py

@@ -302,8 +302,7 @@ class TestGetOverseasPrice:
 
         call_args = mock_session.get.call_args
         params = call_args[1]["params"]
-        # NASD is mapped to NAS for the price inquiry API (same as ranking API).
-        assert params["EXCD"] == "NAS"
+        assert params["EXCD"] == "NAS"  # NASD → NAS via _PRICE_EXCHANGE_MAP
         assert params["SYMB"] == "AAPL"
 
     @pytest.mark.asyncio
@@ -522,58 +521,32 @@ class TestExtractRankingRows:
         assert overseas_broker._extract_ranking_rows(data) == [{"a": 1}, {"b": 2}]
 
 
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Price exchange code mapping
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-
 class TestPriceExchangeMap:
-    """Test that get_overseas_price uses the short exchange codes."""
+    """Test _PRICE_EXCHANGE_MAP is applied in get_overseas_price (issue #151)."""
 
     def test_price_map_equals_ranking_map(self) -> None:
         assert _PRICE_EXCHANGE_MAP is _RANKING_EXCHANGE_MAP
 
-    def test_nasd_maps_to_nas(self) -> None:
-        assert _PRICE_EXCHANGE_MAP["NASD"] == "NAS"
-
-    def test_amex_maps_to_ams(self) -> None:
-        assert _PRICE_EXCHANGE_MAP["AMEX"] == "AMS"
-
-    def test_nyse_maps_to_nys(self) -> None:
-        assert _PRICE_EXCHANGE_MAP["NYSE"] == "NYS"
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("original,expected", [
+        ("NASD", "NAS"),
+        ("NYSE", "NYS"),
+        ("AMEX", "AMS"),
+    ])
+    def test_us_exchange_code_mapping(self, original: str, expected: str) -> None:
+        assert _PRICE_EXCHANGE_MAP[original] == expected
 
     @pytest.mark.asyncio
-    async def test_get_overseas_price_uses_mapped_excd(
+    async def test_get_overseas_price_sends_mapped_code(
         self, overseas_broker: OverseasBroker
     ) -> None:
-        """AMEX should be sent as AMS to the price API."""
+        """NASD → NAS must be sent to HHDFS00000300."""
         mock_resp = AsyncMock()
         mock_resp.status = 200
-        mock_resp.json = AsyncMock(return_value={"output": {"last": "44.30"}})
+        mock_resp.json = AsyncMock(return_value={"output": {"last": "200.00"}})
 
         mock_session = MagicMock()
         mock_session.get = MagicMock(return_value=_make_async_cm(mock_resp))
         _setup_broker_mocks(overseas_broker, mock_session)
-        overseas_broker._broker._auth_headers = AsyncMock(return_value={})
-
-        await overseas_broker.get_overseas_price("AMEX", "EWUS")
-
-        params = mock_session.get.call_args[1]["params"]
-        assert params["EXCD"] == "AMS"  # mapped, not raw "AMEX"
-        assert params["SYMB"] == "EWUS"
-
-    @pytest.mark.asyncio
-    async def test_get_overseas_price_nasd_uses_nas(
-        self, overseas_broker: OverseasBroker
-    ) -> None:
-        mock_resp = AsyncMock()
-        mock_resp.status = 200
-        mock_resp.json = AsyncMock(return_value={"output": {"last": "220.00"}})
-
-        mock_session = MagicMock()
-        mock_session.get = MagicMock(return_value=_make_async_cm(mock_resp))
-        _setup_broker_mocks(overseas_broker, mock_session)
-        overseas_broker._broker._auth_headers = AsyncMock(return_value={})
 
         await overseas_broker.get_overseas_price("NASD", "AAPL")
 
@@ -581,37 +554,90 @@ class TestPriceExchangeMap:
         assert params["EXCD"] == "NAS"
 
 
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH config default
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+class TestOrderRtCdCheck:
+    """Test that send_overseas_order checks rt_cd and logs accordingly (issue #151)."""
+
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def overseas_broker(self, mock_settings: Settings) -> OverseasBroker:
+        broker = MagicMock(spec=KISBroker)
+        broker._settings = mock_settings
+        broker._account_no = "12345678"
+        broker._product_cd = "01"
+        broker._base_url = "https://openapivts.koreainvestment.com:9443"
+        broker._rate_limiter = AsyncMock()
+        broker._rate_limiter.acquire = AsyncMock()
+        broker._auth_headers = AsyncMock(return_value={"authorization": "Bearer t"})
+        broker._get_hash_key = AsyncMock(return_value="hashval")
+        return OverseasBroker(broker)
+
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_success_rt_cd_returns_data(
+        self, overseas_broker: OverseasBroker
+    ) -> None:
+        """rt_cd='0' → order accepted, data returned."""
+        mock_resp = AsyncMock()
+        mock_resp.status = 200
+        mock_resp.json = AsyncMock(return_value={"rt_cd": "0", "msg1": "완료"})
+
+        mock_session = MagicMock()
+        mock_session.post = MagicMock(return_value=_make_async_cm(mock_resp))
+        overseas_broker._broker._get_session = MagicMock(return_value=mock_session)
+
+        result = await overseas_broker.send_overseas_order("NASD", "AAPL", "BUY", 10, price=150.0)
+        assert result["rt_cd"] == "0"
+
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_error_rt_cd_returns_data_with_msg(
+        self, overseas_broker: OverseasBroker
+    ) -> None:
+        """rt_cd != '0' → order rejected, data still returned (caller checks rt_cd)."""
+        mock_resp = AsyncMock()
+        mock_resp.status = 200
+        mock_resp.json = AsyncMock(
+            return_value={"rt_cd": "1", "msg1": "주문가능금액이 부족합니다."}
+        )
+
+        mock_session = MagicMock()
+        mock_session.post = MagicMock(return_value=_make_async_cm(mock_resp))
+        overseas_broker._broker._get_session = MagicMock(return_value=mock_session)
+
+        result = await overseas_broker.send_overseas_order("NASD", "AAPL", "BUY", 10, price=150.0)
+        assert result["rt_cd"] == "1"
+        assert "부족" in result["msg1"]
 
 
 class TestPaperOverseasCash:
+    """Test PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH config setting (issue #151)."""
+
     def test_default_value(self) -> None:
         settings = Settings(
-            KIS_APP_KEY="x",
-            KIS_APP_SECRET="x",
+            KIS_APP_KEY="k",
+            KIS_APP_SECRET="s",
             KIS_ACCOUNT_NO="12345678-01",
-            GEMINI_API_KEY="x",
+            GEMINI_API_KEY="g",
         )
         assert settings.PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH == 50000.0
 
-    def test_can_be_set_via_env(self, monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch) -> None:
-        monkeypatch.setenv("PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH", "100000.0")
+    def test_env_override(self) -> None:
+        import os
+        os.environ["PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH"] = "25000"
         settings = Settings(
-            KIS_APP_KEY="x",
-            KIS_APP_SECRET="x",
+            KIS_APP_KEY="k",
+            KIS_APP_SECRET="s",
             KIS_ACCOUNT_NO="12345678-01",
-            GEMINI_API_KEY="x",
+            GEMINI_API_KEY="g",
         )
-        assert settings.PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH == 100000.0
+        assert settings.PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH == 25000.0
+        del os.environ["PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH"]
 
     def test_zero_disables_fallback(self) -> None:
+        import os
+        os.environ["PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH"] = "0"
         settings = Settings(
-            KIS_APP_KEY="x",
-            KIS_APP_SECRET="x",
+            KIS_APP_KEY="k",
+            KIS_APP_SECRET="s",
             KIS_ACCOUNT_NO="12345678-01",
-            GEMINI_API_KEY="x",
-            PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH=0.0,
+            GEMINI_API_KEY="g",
         )
         assert settings.PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH == 0.0
+        del os.environ["PAPER_OVERSEAS_CASH"]

tests/test_pre_market_planner.py

@@ -164,23 +164,18 @@ class TestGeneratePlaybook:
         assert pb.market_outlook == MarketOutlook.NEUTRAL
 
     @pytest.mark.asyncio
-    async def test_gemini_failure_returns_smart_fallback(self) -> None:
+    async def test_gemini_failure_returns_defensive(self) -> None:
         planner = _make_planner()
         planner._gemini.decide = AsyncMock(side_effect=RuntimeError("API timeout"))
-        # oversold candidate (signal="oversold", rsi=28.5)
         candidates = [_candidate()]
 
         pb = await planner.generate_playbook("KR", candidates, today=date(2026, 2, 8))
 
         assert pb.default_action == ScenarioAction.HOLD
-        # Smart fallback uses NEUTRAL outlook (not NEUTRAL_TO_BEARISH)
-        assert pb.market_outlook == MarketOutlook.NEUTRAL
+        assert pb.market_outlook == MarketOutlook.NEUTRAL_TO_BEARISH
         assert pb.stock_count == 1
-        # Oversold candidate → first scenario is BUY, second is SELL stop-loss
-        scenarios = pb.stock_playbooks[0].scenarios
-        assert scenarios[0].action == ScenarioAction.BUY
-        assert scenarios[0].condition.rsi_below == 30
-        assert scenarios[1].action == ScenarioAction.SELL
+        # Defensive playbook has stop-loss scenarios
+        assert pb.stock_playbooks[0].scenarios[0].action == ScenarioAction.SELL
 
     @pytest.mark.asyncio
     async def test_gemini_failure_empty_when_defensive_disabled(self) -> None:
@@ -662,171 +657,3 @@ class TestDefensivePlaybook:
         assert pb.stock_count == 0
         assert pb.market == "US"
         assert pb.market_outlook == MarketOutlook.NEUTRAL
-
-
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Smart fallback playbook
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-
-class TestSmartFallbackPlaybook:
-    """Tests for _smart_fallback_playbook — rule-based BUY/SELL on Gemini failure."""
-
-    def _make_settings(self) -> Settings:
-        return Settings(
-            KIS_APP_KEY="test",
-            KIS_APP_SECRET="test",
-            KIS_ACCOUNT_NO="12345678-01",
-            GEMINI_API_KEY="test",
-            RSI_OVERSOLD_THRESHOLD=30,
-            VOL_MULTIPLIER=2.0,
-        )
-
-    def test_momentum_candidate_gets_buy_on_volume(self) -> None:
-        candidates = [
-            _candidate(code="CHOW", signal="momentum", volume_ratio=13.64, rsi=100.0)
-        ]
-        settings = self._make_settings()
-
-        pb = PreMarketPlanner._smart_fallback_playbook(
-            date(2026, 2, 17), "US_AMEX", candidates, settings
-        )
-
-        assert pb.stock_count == 1
-        sp = pb.stock_playbooks[0]
-        assert sp.stock_code == "CHOW"
-        # First scenario: BUY with volume_ratio_above
-        buy_sc = sp.scenarios[0]
-        assert buy_sc.action == ScenarioAction.BUY
-        assert buy_sc.condition.volume_ratio_above == 2.0
-        assert buy_sc.condition.rsi_below is None
-        assert buy_sc.confidence == 80
-        # Second scenario: stop-loss SELL
-        sell_sc = sp.scenarios[1]
-        assert sell_sc.action == ScenarioAction.SELL
-        assert sell_sc.condition.price_change_pct_below == -3.0
-
-    def test_oversold_candidate_gets_buy_on_rsi(self) -> None:
-        candidates = [
-            _candidate(code="005930", signal="oversold", rsi=22.0, volume_ratio=3.5)
-        ]
-        settings = self._make_settings()
-
-        pb = PreMarketPlanner._smart_fallback_playbook(
-            date(2026, 2, 17), "KR", candidates, settings
-        )
-
-        sp = pb.stock_playbooks[0]
-        buy_sc = sp.scenarios[0]
-        assert buy_sc.action == ScenarioAction.BUY
-        assert buy_sc.condition.rsi_below == 30
-        assert buy_sc.condition.volume_ratio_above is None
-
-    def test_all_candidates_have_stop_loss_sell(self) -> None:
-        candidates = [
-            _candidate(code="AAA", signal="momentum", volume_ratio=5.0),
-            _candidate(code="BBB", signal="oversold", rsi=25.0),
-        ]
-        settings = self._make_settings()
-
-        pb = PreMarketPlanner._smart_fallback_playbook(
-            date(2026, 2, 17), "US_NASDAQ", candidates, settings
-        )
-
-        assert pb.stock_count == 2
-        for sp in pb.stock_playbooks:
-            sell_scenarios = [s for s in sp.scenarios if s.action == ScenarioAction.SELL]
-            assert len(sell_scenarios) == 1
-            assert sell_scenarios[0].condition.price_change_pct_below == -3.0
-            assert sell_scenarios[0].condition.price_change_pct_below == -3.0
-
-    def test_market_outlook_is_neutral(self) -> None:
-        candidates = [_candidate(signal="momentum", volume_ratio=5.0)]
-        settings = self._make_settings()
-
-        pb = PreMarketPlanner._smart_fallback_playbook(
-            date(2026, 2, 17), "US_AMEX", candidates, settings
-        )
-
-        assert pb.market_outlook == MarketOutlook.NEUTRAL
-
-    def test_default_action_is_hold(self) -> None:
-        candidates = [_candidate(signal="momentum", volume_ratio=5.0)]
-        settings = self._make_settings()
-
-        pb = PreMarketPlanner._smart_fallback_playbook(
-            date(2026, 2, 17), "US_AMEX", candidates, settings
-        )
-
-        assert pb.default_action == ScenarioAction.HOLD
-
-    def test_has_global_reduce_all_rule(self) -> None:
-        candidates = [_candidate(signal="momentum", volume_ratio=5.0)]
-        settings = self._make_settings()
-
-        pb = PreMarketPlanner._smart_fallback_playbook(
-            date(2026, 2, 17), "US_AMEX", candidates, settings
-        )
-
-        assert len(pb.global_rules) == 1
-        rule = pb.global_rules[0]
-        assert rule.action == ScenarioAction.REDUCE_ALL
-        assert "portfolio_pnl_pct" in rule.condition
-
-    def test_empty_candidates_returns_empty_playbook(self) -> None:
-        settings = self._make_settings()
-
-        pb = PreMarketPlanner._smart_fallback_playbook(
-            date(2026, 2, 17), "US_AMEX", [], settings
-        )
-
-        assert pb.stock_count == 0
-
-    def test_vol_multiplier_applied_from_settings(self) -> None:
-        """VOL_MULTIPLIER=3.0 should set volume_ratio_above=3.0 for momentum."""
-        candidates = [_candidate(signal="momentum", volume_ratio=5.0)]
-        settings = self._make_settings()
-        settings = settings.model_copy(update={"VOL_MULTIPLIER": 3.0})
-
-        pb = PreMarketPlanner._smart_fallback_playbook(
-            date(2026, 2, 17), "US_AMEX", candidates, settings
-        )
-
-        buy_sc = pb.stock_playbooks[0].scenarios[0]
-        assert buy_sc.condition.volume_ratio_above == 3.0
-
-    def test_rsi_oversold_threshold_applied_from_settings(self) -> None:
-        """RSI_OVERSOLD_THRESHOLD=25 should set rsi_below=25 for oversold."""
-        candidates = [_candidate(signal="oversold", rsi=22.0)]
-        settings = self._make_settings()
-        settings = settings.model_copy(update={"RSI_OVERSOLD_THRESHOLD": 25})
-
-        pb = PreMarketPlanner._smart_fallback_playbook(
-            date(2026, 2, 17), "KR", candidates, settings
-        )
-
-        buy_sc = pb.stock_playbooks[0].scenarios[0]
-        assert buy_sc.condition.rsi_below == 25
-
-    @pytest.mark.asyncio
-    async def test_generate_playbook_uses_smart_fallback_on_gemini_error(self) -> None:
-        """generate_playbook() should use smart fallback (not defensive) on API failure."""
-        planner = _make_planner()
-        planner._gemini.decide = AsyncMock(side_effect=ConnectionError("429 quota exceeded"))
-        # momentum candidate
-        candidates = [
-            _candidate(code="CHOW", signal="momentum", volume_ratio=13.64, rsi=100.0)
-        ]
-
-        pb = await planner.generate_playbook(
-            "US_AMEX", candidates, today=date(2026, 2, 18)
-        )
-
-        # Should NOT be all-SELL defensive; should have BUY for momentum
-        assert pb.stock_count == 1
-        buy_scenarios = [
-            s for s in pb.stock_playbooks[0].scenarios
-            if s.action == ScenarioAction.BUY
-        ]
-        assert len(buy_scenarios) == 1
-        assert buy_scenarios[0].condition.volume_ratio_above == 2.0  # VOL_MULTIPLIER default